かけた (kaketa) - started but not finished
--- Notes ---
~kakeru is for verbs:
言いかけ （いいかけ）
In the middle of saying something
本を読みかけて、寝てしまいました
I fell asleep with the book half read.
~kakeno is a modifier for nouns (eg. tabekake no ringo)
食べかけのりんご
A half-eaten apple
~kake da comes at the end of a sentence
where だ is derived from です
書きかけだ
it is in the middle of being written
--- Examples ---
作文は今日中に書かなければならないのにまだ書きかけだ。
the essay has to be finished by today, but I am still in the middle of
writing it.
読みかけた。
I am in the process of reading it.
完全に忘れている。読んだ（いや、読みかけた）ことは、確かなのに。
I've totally forgotten (them). Even though it's certain that I've read
(no, well, started to read,) them.
冷蔵庫の中にある飲みかけの物を捨てて下さい。
please throw away the half-drunk things in the fridge.
この食べかけのお弁当はだれの？
This in the middle of being eaten bento box is who's?
ケーキを食べかけた時に、電話が掛かって来た。
Just as I was about to eat the cake, the phone rang.
おぼれかけた人は息を吹き返した。
The man who nearly drowned began to breath.
その子供は車にひかれかけた。
The child was nearly run over by a car.
半分忘れかけた音楽が彼の心の中で踊りました。
Half-forgotten music danced through his mind.
彼が何かを言いかけたが先手を打ってやった。
He started to say something, but I beat him to it.
彼が倒れかけた時私は彼の腕をつかんだ。
I caught him by the arm before he could fall.
彼が眠りかけたとき名前が呼ばれるのを耳にした。
He was about to fall asleep, when he heard his name called.
彼はその仕事に飽きて、やりかけたままで放っておいた。
He got tired of the work, and left it half-done.
--- Comments ---
書きかけた is incorrect, and should be 書きかけだ.
(contributor: bamboo4)
飲み かけた is incorrect and should be 飲みかけの (contributor:
bamboo4)
読み かけた means 'just started to read' and does not have the context
of 'I didn't finish reading it' which would be 読み終えなかった.
(contributor: bamboo4)
corrections made, thanks! (contributor: dc)
書きかけた does seem to be a valid (if low) usage - 3,000 Google hits
compared to
(書きかけ -書きかけた)'s 27,600.
Do 飲みかけ, 書きかけ etc belong in the same entry as
読みかけた ? (contributor: Amatuka)
I suppose 読みかけた doesn't have the nuance of
読み終えなかった - because that would imply that you probably
aren't going to finish it. (contributor: Amatuka)
Presumably they are all based on
かける (aux-v,v1) to turn on; to dial (e.g. phone); to start doing
something (but not finish) (contributor: Amatuka)
Maybe this entry should be changed to 'かける - To start (but not
finish) something' with the noun + past tense verb form noted in comments.
(contributor: Amatuka)
I think this has two meanings:
1. to start (but not finish)
2. to almost start (contributor: dc)
also
食べかけた（時に、、、）
is different from
食べかけの+noun (contributor: dc)
食べかけの is simply the noun form of 食べかける with の acting
as a modifier. I think there is no difference in meaning between
'食べかけたケーキ' and '食べかけのケーキ' (although the
latter is much more common). (contributor: your name)
as someone else pointed out the かけた in 話しかけた is nothing
to do with this grammar, it's a set phrase
彼は私に話しかけた。
'he started to talk to me' (contributor: dc)
this might fall into a category of verb endings, including -dashita
(contributor: dc)
I'm still not convinced of 'to almost start' as distinct from 'to start
(but not finish)' although there are cases where both could be used in
translations of sentences using かけた. (contributor: Amatuka)
私はケーキを 食べ かけた should be 私が (contributor:
bamboo4)
Made the change by deleting 私は in #1612. Not need in the context.
(contributor: bamboo4)
The english in ex#1082 is really awkward. I think it should be 'Whose is
this half-eaten bento box?' (contributor: CorDarei)
you're right, that is a literal translation...trying to keep the same order
as the japanese. out of style i guess on this site, so i moved it to the
notes section. (contributor: dc)
not yet tho! (contributor: dc)
what would you say this means kaketa arnou i have taken the spelling off
something heard so it is probably incorect
(contributor: rudy)
This is a Level 2 grammar point. (contributor: Olivier)
の in 食べかけの is a nominalizer, which makes a noun phrase out of
食べかけ(started to eat but not yet finished). (contributor: bamboo4)
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