Sunday, November 30, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ なり (nari2) ]

なり (nari2) - expresses continuing state

--- Notes ---
Verb(た形)+なり implies one movement is continuing. 〜したまま。

--- Examples ---
会社を出たなり、いつまでも帰らない。
He left the office and hasn't come back.

彼女を見つめたなり、しばらくの間微動だにしなかった。
He stared at her and didn't move an inch for a while.

--- Comments ---
is this identical to -kiri
行ったきり
行ったなり
he went ... (and hasnt been seen since) (contributor: dc)

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Saturday, November 29, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ ずもがな(=無��もがな ) (zumogana) ]

ずもがな(=無くもがな ) (zumogana) - Vn, As well not to ~


--- Examples ---
サッカーで日本が勝って、韓国人の金さんがどんな気持ちかなんて、そんなこと、言わずもがなのことだよ。
Japan wins at football, it's a thing you don't even need to ask about to
know how the Korean Mr. Kim feels.

新しい電気製品なんて、買わずもがなで、買うとろくなものがない。
New eletronic gadgets - Pah! - as well not to buy them, if you do then
nothing good will come of it.

あの人の書く文章には無くもがなといえる言葉が多い。
In his writings, there are a number of words which might better have been
left out.

--- Comments ---
Two general uses, 1. Something doesn't need doing / saying. (contributor:
Amatuka)

2. Something should not be done / said (contributor: Amatuka)

NOTE: This is /relatively/ low usage in modern Japanese - but appeared on
2000 JLPT level 1. (contributor: Amatuka)

I agree with NOTE. I asked J co-workers if they use 買わずもがな, I
was asked the meanings. I know only 言わずもがな. (contributor: Miki)

Formed by V-nai base + ずもがな
e.g. 買う→買わない→買わずもがな

Vn = V-nai base (contributor: Amatuka)

もがな dates bqck to the Heian era, and it means that what precedes
もがな would be the desire of the speaker. It is an archaic Japanese
which only finds its use in some set expressions, such as
言わずもがな,which literally would mean 'I desire that I do not say
that' that would include the case of my regret for having said what I said.
My 広辞苑 shows the following:
あらずもがな、言わずもがな、無くもがな、やらずもがな
and 由もがな.
While 買わずもがな is grammatically correct, I am not sure if it is
actually used.
In any event, except perhaps 言わずもがな, all other instances of the
use of もがな are pretty archaic.

(contributor: bamboo4)

なくもがな 【無くもがな】

(連語)

ないほうがよい。あらずもがな。
「あの一言は≠セった」「≠フ差しで口」 (contributor:
kanoko)

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Friday, November 28, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ こととて (kototote) ]

こととて (kototote) - because/since - explains the cause or gives a
reason for

--- Notes ---
Not normally used in speech. A more formal, written word for letters and
whatnot. Explains the reason for something with the sense that it is
precisely because of (person,thing) that( ).
昼間はにぎやかなこの道も、早朝のこととてあたりに犬一匹いなかった。
Because it was early in the morning, there wasn't even a dog around this
street that is so lively during the day.
〜のことだから、〜のことなので 

--- Examples ---
何も知らぬこととて、間違いをしてしまいました。
Since I did not knew anything, I ended up making mistake.

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Thursday, November 27, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ かたがた (katagata) ]

かたがた (katagata) - at the same time, incidentally

--- Notes ---
[名]+かたがた

--- Examples ---
仕事かたがた京都見物にゆく
While on business, go sightseeing in Kyoto

来春結婚する孫が、結婚の報告かたがた婚約者を連れてやってきた。
My grandson, who is getting married next spring, has brought his fiancee
with him to visit while bringing us news of his wedding.

無事に卒業できたので、恩師に報告かたがた、手紙を書いた.
She was able to graduate without any problems and so wrote a letter to
thank her professor.

--- Comments ---
Relevant grammar question here. (Fourth post). (contributor: Amatuka)

かたがた is interchangeable to 兼ねて (contributor: bamboo4)

Yeah, but 兼ねて takes a direct object particle - かたがた doesn't.
(contributor: Amatuka)

whats a direct object particle? it doesn't require a は・を after the
item it relates to? (contributor: dc)

Amatuka means, for example, を in 仕事を兼ねて京都見物にゆく
(contributor: bamboo4)

I added 'kanete' (兼ねて) in the grammar section, but I cannot edit it!
(contributor: bamboo4)

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Wednesday, November 26, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ かろうじて (karoujite) ]

かろうじて (karoujite) - barely


--- Examples ---
走って行ったらかろうじて2時の電車に間に合いました
I ran and barely made the 2 O'Clock train

かろうじて落第せずにすんだ
I just barely managed to avoid dropping out of class

かろうじて付き合っている
They are just barely still together

11時までにかろうじてなんとかその手紙を書いた。
I barely managed to finish the letter by eleven o'clock.

かろうじて間に合いましたね。
You are only just in time.

かろうじて事故に遭わずにすんだ。
I escaped the accident by the skin of my teeth.

かろうじて車に当てられずにすんだ。
I narrowly escaped being hit by a car.

かろうじて列車に間に合った。
I barely managed to catch the train.

--- Comments ---
By the look of the examples, this is spoken grammar? (contributor: blabby)

Kaens, I think you mistake 辛 for 幸. 幸 is used in 幸福、幸運 etc.
かろうじて is written as 辛うじて. (contributor: Miki)

blabby, this is the grammar for both spoken and written language (of
course).
Miki, true, I did mistake that ^^; So, the meaning would be 'bitter,
painful, bad' - the opposite to my first comment, so I'm removing that one.
Ugh. (contributor: Kaens)

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Tuesday, November 25, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 兼ねて (kanete) ]

兼ねて (kanete) - combine with

--- Notes ---
Noun + を + 兼ねて
Noun + を + 兼ねる


--- Examples ---
大阪の仕事を兼ねて京都見物に行く
In going to Osaka on business, I'll combine it with a sightseeing visit to
Kyoto.

総理大臣(首相)と外務大臣(外相)とを兼ねる。
Hold the office of Prime Minister concurrently with the portfolio of
Foreign Minister.

私は勉強と遊びを兼ねている仕事につきたい。
I want to get a job that mixes work and play.

作文の練習を兼ねて、日本のペンフレンドと文通をしています。まあ、一挙両得というわけです。
Combined with writing practice, I am corresponding with my Japanese pen
friend. I guess I am killing two birds with one stone.

趣味と実益を兼ねて日本語の勉強をしたが、いつの間にか、通訳が本業になってしまった。
Along with personal interest and practical reasons, I studied Japanese.
Before I knew it, translation became my main source of income.

--- Comments ---
Thank you for putting this page up.
(contributor: bamboo4)

Does anyone know if it is possible to use this in a form other than
Noun+を+兼ねて? (contributor: blabby)

I thought of examles other than Noun nor noun phrase, nothing comes up.
noun phrase eg. 頭を冷やすのを兼ねて公園に散歩に行く
(contributor: Miki)

Thanks for your help Miki, I'll add it to the notes section. (contributor:
blabby)

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Today's Economics

Volume 45
11/24/2008
In this issue
Main Articles
Free Services & Links
Refer-A-Friend and Win
Forward to a Friend
Risk Disclosures
Main Articles

Record Dollar Demand For Gold
Gold-Prices. Biz | November 21, 2008 | View It
"Dollar demand for gold reached an all time quarterly record of US$32bn in the third quarter of 2008..."

Comex: Has it Got the Gold?
Gold-Prices. Biz | November 24, 2008 | View It
"Comex default in December, $2000 gold in a day!"

The Road To Financial Ruin: We Have to Spend Money Now
Axel Merck | November 24, 2008 | View It
"we're going to have to spend money now to stimulate the economy and that we shouldn't worry about the deficit next year or even the year after."

Is China Ready to Buy Gold At last?
Jason Hommel | November 24, 2008 | View It
"The dollar could drop 50% or more overnight, and there's not a single thing the U.S. government, you or I could do about it."

Gold Pressure Near Breaking Point
James West | November 24, 2008 | View It
"U.S. Dollar purchasing power will begin to decline in the new year, and that will add yet more underlying pressure to gold demand."

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Prudent Bear
American Eagles at 1% Over Cost
• Gold is moving - and projections from even the major brokerages say, "gold will hit $1500 within the next five years". Lear would like to offer the easiest way to start your gold purchase with the American Eagle at just 1% over dealer cost! And by acting now, we will even cover your shipping cost on your first order when you use the promo code NL101 when you check out. Online special only, click here to take advantage.

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Monday, November 24, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ の極み (nokiwami) ]

の極み (nokiwami) - the utmost


--- Examples ---
遺憾の極みである
be most regrettable

光栄の極みである
be extremely honored

混乱の極みである
feel quite confused

混乱の極みにある理由を説明する
explain why is feeling so churned up

興奮の極みに
at the height of excitement

ぜいたくの極み
height of luxury

混乱の極み
state of extreme disorder

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Sunday, November 23, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ て初めて (tehajimete) ]

て初めて (tehajimete) - not until, only after


--- Examples ---
2、3日たって初めて彼が到着した。
It was not until a few days later that he arrived.

20才になって初めて、彼女は歌手になろうと決心した。
She did not decide to be a singer until she reached the age of twenty.

あとになって初めて、それをやった理由を彼は説明した。
Only afterward did he explain why he did it.

ずっと後になって初めて私は子供の教育の大切さを理解するようになりました。
It was only much later that I came to understand the importance of child
education.

そして14歳になって初めてピアノに触れたのです。
And I was fourteen years old before I touched a piano for the first time.

その時になって初めて私たちが置かれている危険にきずいた。
Only then did I see the danger we were in.

その時になって初めて私は危険な事態に気がついたのである。
Not till then did I realize the danger of the situation.

つい最近になって初めて彼女は考えを変えた。
It was only recently that she changed her mind.

--- Comments ---
ex#584 We usually say えっ for うぇ Eh. (contributor: Miki)

ex #3568 should end with きづいた (気づく) (contributor: Tan)

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Saturday, November 22, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ どうやら (douyara) ]

どうやら (douyara) - it seems, apparently, somehow


--- Examples ---
急いだので、どうやら間に合った
I rushed, and somehow made it on time

どうやら、彼は知らないらしい
It seems he doesn't know

どうやらあの人が判らないらしい。
It appears that he cannot identify that man there.

「あら
ごめんなさい。どうやら間違え電話をしてしまったようだね。」
'Oh, I'm sorry. I guess I have the wrong number.'

どうやら、そのみすぼらしいアパートは空き家のようだ。
Apparently the shabby flat is vacant.

どうやらおっしゃるとおりだと思います。
I almost think you're right.

どうやらひどい風邪にかかったようだ。
I seem to have caught a bad cold.

どうやら誤解があるようだ。
There appears to be a misunderstanding.

どうやら私はバスの中で財布を盗まれたらしい。
The chances are that I had my wallet stolen on the bus.

どうやら食べ過ぎたみたいだ。
I'm afraid I've eaten too much.

どうやら明日は雨のようだ。
I'm afraid it will rain tomorrow.

天気はどうやら、回復しそうだ。
It would seem that the weather is improving.

危機をどうやら脱したようだ。
We seem to have escaped form danger.

一個のクッキーを食おうとしたんだが、どうやら全部食われちゃった。

I only meant to eat one cookie, but I seem to have eaten the lot.

--- Comments ---
As for the first example, J should be
どうやら彼_は_分からないらしい。
彼が分からないらしい would be, it seems she doesn't know who he
is. (contributor: Miki)

どうやら彼が分からないらしい means someone (who remains
unidentified but not the speaker) cannot discern him.

どうやら彼は分からないらしい means 'he' is not able to
discern something (not dicclosed) as observed by the speaker.

(contributor: bamboo4)

Accordingly, 彼が分からないらしい should be changed to
彼は知らないらしい.


(contributor: bamboo4)

Is the 'somehow' meaning similar to nantoka (なんとか)? If so, there is
no entry for that currently... (contributor: yookoso)

Yes, it seems to be so.
ex#1279, 3933 and 3934 どうやら can be replaced by なんとか.
(contributor: Miki)

#3095
I would say 'どうやら、あの人は判らないらしい。'

#3930
I would say
'どうやら、私はバスの中で財布を盗まれたようだ。'

The other examples are OK. (contributor: Nick)

#3095 どうやら、(あの人は he)あの人が(that man
there)判らないらしい。
#3930 Both …らしい。 and …ようだ。 are fine. (contributor:
Miki)

#3095
彼はどうやら、あの人が誰なのか見分けがつかないようだ。
(contributor: Nick)

〜らしい (I hear that... / Someone says that...)
〜ようだ (It seems that...)
These are not interchangeable. (contributor: Nick)

Perhaps I don't understand. This is what I think from these two phrases:

どうやら、私はバスの中で財布を盗まれたようだ。
It looks like I had my wallet stolen on the bus somehow. (The person has
noticed their wallet is missing all on their own.)

どうやら、私はバスの中で財布を盗まれたらしい
I heard/It seems that I had my wallet stolen on the bus somehow.
(They don't remember what happened on the bus, but someone has told them
later they saw the wallet being stolen. Or maybe someone has told them
their wallet was stolen before they noticed it themselves. However, I don't
think I would have the nerve to tell someone I saw their wallet being
stolen yet didn't say it at the time it was happening...)

Please correct me if I'm wrong. (contributor: Petra)

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Friday, November 21, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 隙に (sukini) ]

隙に (sukini) - While 〜 To take advantage of a moment of time to do
something (there is an element of cunning in its meaning)


--- Examples ---
皆さん、ジョンさんがいないすきに、サプライズパーティーを整えましょう。
Lets prepare the surprise party for John in his absence.

皆が前を向いているすきにぎゅっと手を引いてほしいんだ。
I want you to take me by the hand while everyone else is looking the other
way.

先生が余所見をしているすきに、ラッブレターをきみが渡してくれたんだな。
While the teacher's attention was momentarily distracted you passed me a
love letter didn't you. 

彼女は気がつかないすきに、彼女にキスした。
While she didn't pay attention, I kissed her

--- Comments ---
Is this the same 'suki' as in 'sukiari', like when someone drops their
guard and you grab them? (contributor: Tensigh)

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Today's Economics

Volume 44
11/19/2008
In this issue
Main Articles
Free Services & Links
Refer-A-Friend and Win
Forward to a Friend
Risk Disclosures
Main Articles

Obama and Gold
Kevin DeMeritt | November 19, 2008 | View It
"there's going to be a crisis which will come along on the 21st, 22nd of January that we don't even know about right now,"

Gold at $14,172 an Ounce?
Brian Bloom | November 15, 2008 | View It
"What will happen to world industrial demand for gold if the gold price rose to over $14,000 an ounce?"

Baby Boomers Retirement is the Real Problem
Ceri Shepherd | November 17, 2008 | View It
"this problem only has one cure that will be politically acceptable...a HUGE AND ON-GOING INFLATIONARY PROCESS"

Banks Promise they Won't Use Bailout Money for Pay Raises
John Dunbar - AP | November 18, 2008 | View It
"The hope was that the infusion of new capital would enable them to increase lending, but so far that hasn't happened,"

Can a Dubai Silver ETF Send Spot Prices Higher?
Seeking Alpha | November 18, 2008 | View It
"Local bullion dealers are having to fly heavy silver bullion bars in from around the globe to meet demand"

Register For our VIP Customer Reward Program
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Prudent Bear
American Eagles at 1% Over Cost
• Gold is moving - and projections from even the major brokerages say, "gold will hit $1500 within the next five years". Lear would like to offer the easiest way to start your gold purchase with the American Eagle at just 1% over dealer cost! And by acting now, we will even cover your shipping cost on your first order when you use the promo code NL101 when you check out. Online special only, click here to take advantage.

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Thursday, November 20, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ かけた (kaketa) ]

かけた (kaketa) - started but not finished

--- Notes ---
~kakeru is for verbs:
言いかけ (いいかけ)
In the middle of saying something

本を読みかけて、寝てしまいました
I fell asleep with the book half read.

~kakeno is a modifier for nouns (eg. tabekake no ringo)
食べかけのりんご
A half-eaten apple

~kake da comes at the end of a sentence
where だ is derived from です
書きかけだ
it is in the middle of being written


--- Examples ---
作文は今日中に書かなければならないのにまだ書きかけだ。
the essay has to be finished by today, but I am still in the middle of
writing it.

読みかけた。
Iam in the process of reading it.

完全に忘れている。読んだ(いや、読みかけた)ことは、確かなのに。
I've totally forgotten (them). Even though it's certain that I've read
(no, well, started to read,) them.

冷蔵庫の中にある飲みかけの物を捨てて下さい。
please throw away the half-drunk things in the fridge.

この食べかけのお弁当はだれの?
This in the middle of being eaten bento box is who's?

ケーキを食べかけた時に、電話が掛かって来た。
Just as I was about to eat the cake, the phone rang.

おぼれかけた人は息を吹き返した。
The man who nearly drowned began to breath.

その子供は車にひかれかけた。
The child was nearly run over by a car.

半分忘れかけた音楽が彼の心の中で踊りました。
Half-forgotten music danced through his mind.

彼が何かを言いかけたが先手を打ってやった。
He started to say something, but I beat him to it.

彼が倒れかけた時私は彼の腕をつかんだ。
I caught him by the arm before he could fall.

彼が眠りかけたとき名前が呼ばれるのを耳にした。
He was about to fall asleep, when he heard his name called.

彼はその仕事に飽きて、やりかけたままで放っておいた。
He got tired of the work, and left it half-done.

--- Comments ---
書きかけた is incorrect, and should be 書きかけだ.
(contributor: bamboo4)

飲み かけた is incorrect and should be 飲みかけの (contributor:
bamboo4)

読み かけた means 'just started to read' and does not have the context
of 'I didn't finish reading it' which would be 読み終えなかった.
(contributor: bamboo4)

corrections made, thanks! (contributor: dc)

書きかけた does seem to be a valid (if low) usage - 3,000 Google hits
compared to
(書きかけ -書きかけた)'s 27,600.
Do 飲みかけ, 書きかけ etc belong in the same entry as
読みかけた ? (contributor: Amatuka)

I suppose 読みかけた doesn't have the nuance of
読み終えなかった - because that would imply that you probably
aren't going to finish it. (contributor: Amatuka)

Presumably they are all based on
かける (aux-v,v1) to turn on; to dial (e.g. phone); to start doing
something (but not finish) (contributor: Amatuka)

Maybe this entry should be changed to 'かける - To start (but not
finish) something' with the noun + past tense verb form noted in comments.
(contributor: Amatuka)

I think this has two meanings:
1. to start (but not finish)
2. to almost start (contributor: dc)

also
食べかけた(時に、、、)
is different from
食べかけの+noun (contributor: dc)

食べかけの is simply the noun form of 食べかける with の acting
as a modifier. I think there is no difference in meaning between
'食べかけたケーキ' and '食べかけのケーキ' (although the
latter is much more common). (contributor: your name)

as someone else pointed out the かけた in 話しかけた is nothing
to do with this grammar, it's a set phrase
彼は私に話しかけた。
'he started to talk to me' (contributor: dc)

this might fall into a category of verb endings, including -dashita
(contributor: dc)

I'm still not convinced of 'to almost start' as distinct from 'to start
(but not finish)' although there are cases where both could be used in
translations of sentences using かけた. (contributor: Amatuka)

私はケーキを 食べ かけた should be 私が (contributor:
bamboo4)

Made the change by deleting 私は in #1612. Not need in the context.
(contributor: bamboo4)

The english in ex#1082 is really awkward. I think it should be 'Whose is
this half-eaten bento box?' (contributor: CorDarei)

you're right, that is a literal translation...trying to keep the same order
as the japanese. out of style i guess on this site, so i moved it to the
notes section. (contributor: dc)

not yet tho! (contributor: dc)

what would you say this means kaketa arnou i have taken the spelling off
something heard so it is probably incorect
(contributor: rudy)

This is a Level 2 grammar point. (contributor: Olivier)

の in 食べかけの is a nominalizer, which makes a noun phrase out of
食べかけ(started to eat but not yet finished). (contributor: bamboo4)

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Wednesday, November 19, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ に相当する (nisoutousuru) ]

に相当する (nisoutousuru) - equivalent

--- Notes ---
noun+ni soutou suru
 There is no English equivalent for this Japanese
 この日本語に相当する英語はない

--- Examples ---
この日本語に相当する英語はない
In Japanese, there is no equivalent to this english

この絵には莫大な額のお金に相当する価値がある。
This painting is worth great deal of money.

その語に相当するようなフランス語を知っていますか。
Do you know the French equivalent of the word?

地図上の青い線は川に相当する。
The blue lines on the map correspond to rivers.

地図上の幅の広い線は道路に相当する。
The broad lines on the map correspond to roads.

鳥の羽は人間の腕と足に相当する。
Birds' wings correspond to man's arms and hands.

日本の「将棋」は、チェスに相当する。
Japanese shogi corresponds to chess.

日本語の「義理」に相当する英語は見つからない。
We cannot find an English equivalent for the Japanese 'giri'.

木にとっては枝は人間の手足に相当する。
Branches are to trees what limbs are to us.

その当時1ドルは大体110円に相当していました。
At that time one dollar was nearly equivalent to 110 yen.

彼の月給は、私の半年分の給料に相当します。
His monthly salary is equivalent to my salary of a half year.

彼らが一日に食べる食べ物の量は、彼らの体重に相当している。
The amount of food they eat a day is equivalent to their own body weight.


--- Comments ---
there seem to be other variations too, perhaps these are more specific

等価{とうか}なもの
might mean as in an equivalent value (価格 kakaku = unit price) ?

同等{どうとう}のもの
同等物{どうとう ぶつ}
(contributor: dc)

sore is a more conversational way of saying equivalent (contributor: dc)

等価 is often a mathematic terminology or something of equivalent value.
同等 is often used to 'something that can be substituted, e.g.,
一等賞または同等品=The first prize or a substitute.
均等 is often used to indicate substantive equivalence in terms of
purpose, use, characteristics, etc. 均等論=Theory of equivalents, often
used in patent infringement cases.
(contributor: bamboo4)

why is this not 相当している - eg the thing is -still- equivalent ?
(contributor: dc)

The English version of #1237 should be corrected to read: There is no
English equivalent for this Japanese.
In #3618, 足 shold be corrected to read 手.
(contributor: bamboo4)

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Tuesday, November 18, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ にあたらない (niataranai) ]

にあたらない (niataranai) - no need to


--- Examples ---
天気予報はめったにあたらない。
A weather report is rarely on target.

それは驚くに当たらない。
It is not to be wondered at.

同情するにあたらない、飲酒運転したんだから、自業自得だ
no need to feel sorry for him, he was drunk-driving so its his own fault.

--- Comments ---
Although example 3680 is correct in structure, its context is somewhat
incorrect.
--Ni Ataranai = isn't worthy of --
Ataranai = opposite of ataru (to be right on)
(contributor: Yuto)

自業自得 = As you sow, so shall you reap.
(contributor: bamboo4)

#3680
あたらない in this case if different from other examples because
あたる mere means 'hit the target' like bullet. Accordingly, 'A weather
forecasts are rarely near the mark' would be more appropriate.
(contributor: bamboo4)

This is often used with words such as 驚く, 嘆く, 褒める, etc.
(contributor: blabby)

Can also be used without the する. When used with just the noun
(非難、同情、称賛、etc.) this phrase could be translated as
'doesn't merit (criticism, sympathy, admiration, etc.)' (contributor:
srobertson)

Therefore, i think #3680 does not belong to this category since
it doesn't imply the meaning 「〜no need to ...」 (contributor: 誠)

Correct, 誠 (contributor: bamboo4)

I disagree with bamboo4 and 誠. I think that the given definition
itself is too restrictive and wrong. The literal meaning of #4233 could be
more accurately described as 'sympathy (for that person) DOES NOT MATCH the
reality (of what that person has done) = sympathy is not warranted in this
case.' I think that #3680 should stay, because it shows the diversity and
the true basic spirit of this expression. That is, all examples here have
the meaning of something 'not matching,' 'being off the mark' or 'not
appropriate.' I think we should change the definition since it is
misleading. (contributor: godfrey)

当たる in #3680 does not mean 'match' but it really means phyisical
striking like an arrow hitting the target. The other examples of あたる
does not have that physical meaning. While I agree that the definition is
not appropriate, I still think #3680 stands alone here.
(contributor: bamboo4)

Isn't the construction of #4045 and #4233 this:
「動詞」にあたらない
but #3680 actually:
「副詞」あたらない (副詞=めったに) (contributor:
熊君)

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Monday, November 17, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ ものを (monowo) ]

ものを (monowo) - But...! / But If (you) had just... / But (I) could
have...

--- Notes ---
Verb(普通形) + ものを

This grammar is almost always in the form of 〜ば〜ものを。
Sometimes it becomes 'もんを' in casual speech.

〜ものを: (...だったら)〜のに (実際は〜でなくて残念だという気持ち)
If only ... had.... , then....would..

--- Examples ---
知ってるのであれば、教えてくれてもいいものを。
If you knew, why didn't you tell me!?

人手が足りなかったんですって?ちょっと連絡してくれれば、手伝ってあげたものを。
You didn't have enough people? If you had just called me, I would have
helped you.

インターネットで予約すれば簡単にすむものを、彼女は国際電話をかけたんだって。
If she had just used the internet, she could have easily made the
reservation, but she made an international call.

本当のことを言えばいいものを、彼は嘘をついて信用を失ってしまった。
He should have told the truth, but he lied and lost their trust.

--- Comments ---
This can often be replaced with 〜のに
早く言えばよかったのに。
早く言えばよかったものを。

This is used to express the speakers moderate disappointment or regret.
(contributor: blabby)

Isn't ものを always used with 〜た形?
Because, ものを is 'but...' where something regrettable happened , and
couldn't/almost impossible to be recovered from. (contributor: 誠)

So, i feel ex#5494 is better to be :
本当のことを言えばよかったものを、彼は嘘をついて信用を失ってしまった。or
彼は嘘をついて信用が失われてしまった。本当のことを言えばよかったものを。
(contributor: 誠)

ex#5493 は同じです。
インタ−ネットで予約すれば簡単に済んだものを、彼女は国際電話をかけたんだって。or
彼女は国際電話をかけたんだって。インタ−ネットで予約すれば簡単に済んだものを。
(contributor: 誠)

ex#5491
知ってるのであれば、教えてくれてもよかったものを。'If
you had known, it would be OK even you told me.'(But now it means not OK to
the speaker since before this , the listener DIDN'T KNOW about that
particular thing and told the speaker about it already.) Sounds strange to
me, unless the speaker wanted it to be known to him at that particular time
, in that case :
あの時知れば、教えてくれてもよかったものを。


Is better to say :
知ってるのであれば、教えてくれてよかったものを。or
(君が)知っていて教えてくれればよかったものを。'It
would be nice if you had known and told me.'

I think if you wanted to say :
' If you have known, why didn't you tell me?' (Of agony) :
知ってるのであれば、どうして教えてくれなかったのよ..

'If you have known, isn't it ok to tell me?' :
知ってるのであれば、教えてくれてもいいんじゃない(か)。
(contributor: 誠)

You have to keep in mind that ものを is not a conversational phrase, and
it is predominantly literal diction. (contributor: bamboo4)

I don't thinsk it always used with 〜た形。blabby's exmples are all
natural to me.
(contributor: Miki)

Miki and blabby are right. It doesn't have to be 〜た形. (contributor:
tmkain)

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Sunday, November 16, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 〜であれ (deare) ]

〜であれ (deare) - No matter what; Even if; No matter how

--- Notes ---
Same meaning as 'Tatoe~temo'. Written. Formal.

see http://www.geocities.com/easykanji/jlptgrammar.html

*〜であれ〜であれ(二語の組み合わせ)も同じ意味である。例えば:糖尿病(ダイアベティス)があって、菓子であれ果物であれ、甘いものは一切口にしない。

--- Examples ---
社長
であれ規則はまもらないといけない。
Even the company president has to obey the rules.

投票は海外に住んでいる人
であれするべきだ。
Voting is something that you have to do, even if you live abroad.

あなたの職業がなんであれ、また、その職業にどんなに満足していても、何かほかの仕事を選べばよかったと思うときがあるものだ。

No matter what your profession, or how happy you may be in it, there are
moments when you wish you had chosen some other career.

たとえ天候がどうであれ、私は行きます。
I will go, be the weather what it may.

ドアの所にいる人が誰であれ、待つように言ってください。
Whoever is at the door, please ask him to wait.

--- Comments ---
Please, think to the people who have a hardtime understandin japanes
writing and put the example also in romanji. Thank you. (contributor:
futaro)

I am not able to read kanjis... (contributor: uetaki)

This example is JLPT level 1. It is formal and WRITTEN grammar.

Just click on the example and you will get a tranlastion into hiragana from
the Edict dictionary.

If you can't read hiragana, you will find studying advanced written grammar
a little hard... (contributor: blabby)

Is this just like a formal version of 「だって」、As
in, アメリカ人だってご飯を食べますよ。

Hmm actually that's not right, is it. I guess it's more like でも or
であっても, yeah? (contributor: rogen)

From what I have studied so far であれ has a similar meaning to
であっても and でも (contributor: evdsluys)

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Saturday, November 15, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ や否や (yainaya) ]

や否や (yainaya) - just as soon as


--- Examples ---
赤ん坊は私の顔をみるやいなや、泣き出した。
The baby began to cry the moment that she saw my face

そこに出かけるやいなや彼女は病気になった。
No sooner had she gone there than she was taken ill.

その一行が出発するやいなや、雨が降り出した。
The party had no sooner started than it began to rain.

その音を聞くやいなや、犬は逃げていきました。
On hearing the sound, the dog rushed away.

その犬は私の姿を見るやいなや逃げて行った。
Scarcely had the dog seen me before in ran away.

その子はお母さんを見るやいなやワッと泣き出した。
No sooner had the child seen his mother than he burst into tears.

その女の子は母親を見るやいなやわっと泣き出した。
The instant the girl saw her mother, she burst out crying.

その少女は怪物の姿を見るやいなや逃げ出した。
No sooner had the girl caught sight of the monster than she ran away.

その知らせを聞くやいなや彼女は青ざめた。
On hearing the news, she turned pale.

その部屋にはいるやいなや私は、たばこの臭いのほかにガスの臭いがするのに気がついた。
No sooner had I entered the room than I noticed the smell not only of
tobacco but of gas.

その部屋に入るやいなや彼らは話をやめた。
The minute I entered the room, they stopped talking.

PSPは発売されるや、すべて売り切れた。
As soon as the the Playstation portable was put on sale, it totally sold
out.

--- Comments ---
Good page on this here (contributor: Amatuka)

Relevant grammar question & comments here (second post). (contributor:
Amatuka)

ex#1078 can be also said,
赤ん坊は私の顔をみるなり、泣き出した。
hmm no entry for なり? (contributor: Miki)

Is it always a 'negative' sentence that comes after the 'yainaya'? (ie cry,
shut up, rain...) (contributor: Pied)

My textbook uses kanji for this grammar - や否や.
It also says that sometimes the '否や' is omitted - Aや、B.
(contributor: blabby)

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Friday, November 14, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 〜をおいて (wooite) ]

〜をおいて (wooite) - apart from/leaving aside


--- Examples ---
あなたをおいて、この会社の社長の適任者はいない
Apart from you, there is noone suitable for this company's President.

日本のミサから:「主よ、あなたは神の子キリスト、永遠の命の糧。あなたをおいて誰のところに行きましょう。」
From the Japanese Mass: 'Lord, you are Christ, the Son of God, Bread of
eternal life. Without you, to whom should we go?'

--- Comments ---
を措いて wo oite followed by 〜ない or negative (contributor: Miki)

How is this different from 以外 【いがい】? (contributor: yookoso)

昨日の事を措いて、今日はどうやて帰るの?

I'm wondering if this is grammatically correct? (contributor: ozonitabetai)

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Today's Economics

Volume 43
11/13/2008
In this issue
Main Articles
Free Services & Links
Refer-A-Friend and Win
Forward to a Friend
Risk Disclosures
Main Articles

Cash or Gold
Eric Sprott and Sasha Solunac | November 11, 2008 | View It
"In the sea of financial assets and currencies being decimated the world over, the one true safe haven continues to be gold."

Change is Coming
Enrico Orlandini | November 9, 2008 | View It
"The Fed has pushed rates all the way down to 1% while printing money like it is going out of style, yet not one house, car, or job has been saved."

US Bond Obelisk and Printing Press
Jim Willie | November 11, 2008 | View It
"The US economy faces a risk of not so much recession, as DISINTEGRATION."

Treasuries Advance as Stocks Fall, Paulson Scraps Plan
Bloomberg | November 12, 2008 | View It
"The stock market was headed down before Paulson spoke, but he probably made it worse."

The Great Bond Market Crash of 2009
Martin Hutchinson | November 10, 2008 | View It
"If I were Chairman of the People??s Bank of China and Treasuries lost me the kind of money they have the last five years I??d probably declare war on the US"

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Thursday, November 13, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ とにかく (tonikaku) ]

とにかく (tonikaku) - in any case, anyway

--- Notes ---
often comes at the beginning of a sentence


see all these examples at ALC


--- Examples ---
それはとにかくとして、この問題はどうするの。
Leaving that aside, how do you intend to deal with this problem?

とにかく私に言えるのは
Anyway, all I can say is...

とにかく頼むからちょっと聞いてよ
Anyway I'm asking you to just listen for a minute

とにかくやってみないことには
Anyway, we won't know unless we try.

とにかく、きみは上京すべきだ。
In any case you should come up to Tokyo.

とにかく、君の知ったことじゃない。
In any case, it's no business of yours.

とにかく、君はそこに行った方がいい。
At any rate, you had better go there.

とにかく、言いづらい事を打ち明けてくれて嬉しいよ。
Anyway, I'm glad you were able to broach this difficult subject.

とにかく、私はあなたの意見には反対だ。
I am against your opinion in any case.

--- Comments ---
とにかく can be replaced by tomokaku ともかく. (contributor:
Miki)

I would like to know more about the etymology of this expression. Does it
have anything to do with the Shogi game where two pieces are named 'to' and
'kaku'? (contributor: Nizar)

why is it every time when i clikc on the title the msg below will show.
Return to beginning of the Text Translation function. Unable to map
glossdic.xjdx!
(contributor: snoopycheng)

Nizar, tonikaku is not to do with 'to' and 'kaku' of Shogi game.
とにかく is used in hiragana by edo period. と of とにかく meant
そのように、 かく meant このように。 Tonikaku is sometimes
write as 兎に角 but this is phonetic equivalent. This is considered to
come from Buddhism word 「兎角亀毛」. Rabbit doesn't have horns and
turtle doesn't have hairs, which was used when you talked about something
doesn't exist. So this has no relevance to current とにかく in meaning.
BTW, in shogi, 「と金」 which is another side of 「歩(ふ)」 is
called と because the simplified form of 金 looks like
と。 角(かく) is also called 角行(かくぎょう).
(contributor: Miki)

I have heard this word used in a lot of contexts where it couldn't mean
anyway, in any case. I asked some friends who had some difficulty
explaining it, but one seemed to say that it also has the meanings:
'quickly', 'with all haste' and maybe also 'naturally'. I also heard it
implies that some information given is generally known by everyone. Any
native speakers care to comment? (contributor: yookoso)

You have it wrong. とにかく急ごう means 'leaving all that aside,
let's hurry.' Thus, とにかく does not have a meaning of 'quickly' or
'naturally.'

Re Miki-san's comment, 角行 is pronounced かくこう.
(contributor: bamboo4)

角行 can be pronounced かっこう, かくこう and かくぎょう.
(contributor: nasu)

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Wednesday, November 12, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 〜尽くめ (zukume) ]

〜尽くめ (zukume) - Full of / A lot of

--- Notes ---
Noun + ずくめだ。
Noun + ずくめ + の + Noun

--- Examples ---
その学校は規則ずくめだ。
That school is full of rules.

幸せずくめに見えた彼女にも人知れぬ悩みがあったんだね。
The girl that seemed full of happiness even had hidden worries.

彼は全身黒ずくめだった。
He was wearing all black.

日本語能力試験の一級も無事合格したし、今年はいいことずくめだった。
I managed to pass JLPT level 1 with no problems, this year was full of so
many good things.

--- Comments ---
Similar in some ways to 'だらけ' and 'まみれ' and it seems to have
the same meaning as '全て〜ばかり' or
'〜ばかりたくさんある'.
It often has the form of Adjective+こと+ずくめ
(contributor: blabby)

ずくめ also written 尽くめ added to a noun means 100% so.But there
are a lot of nouns and noun phrases which to do accept ずくめ.
(contributor: bamboo4)

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Tuesday, November 11, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ にひきかえ (nihikikae) ]

にひきかえ (nihikikae) - in contrast with; compared to


--- Examples ---
私の古い車にひきかえかれのはとても早いです。
In contrast to my old car, his is really fast.

去年はトマト50個収穫できたのよ。それにひきかえ今年は30個だけ。多分気候のせいね…
We harvested 50 tomatoes last year. In contrast, this year we harvested
only 30. This may be due to the weather...

同じ年の人
にひきかえ彼はとても頭がいいです。
He is very intelligent in compare with the same age

--- Comments ---
Is this often used in spoken japanese as well? (contributor: Bree)

ex#5166 needs to have 'this year' added somewhere 'In contrast, we
harvested only 30 this year.' (contributor: Stephen)

done (contributor: dc)

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Monday, November 10, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ せる・させる (causepass) ]

せる・させる (causepass) - make, let (someone do something)


--- Examples ---
娘にアイスを
食べさせてあげた。
I let my daughter eat ice cream.

僕に払わせてください。
Let me pay for it.

--- Comments ---
causative verbs 使役動詞
passive verbs  受動態動詞、受身動詞 (contributor: anon)

Great page, I found it most helpful.
Just one question - how would we translate 'shinareru'?

For verbs which obviously have actors and objects such as to eat, to play
etc, to be eaten and to be played are easy translations. But for things
like die, and other such verbs that you do yourself? (contributor: bi-ru)

These actions are done unto you by others (the subject is the passive
recepient) So in the case of 死なれる, in most cases, you should be
able to translate it as 'someone dies on you'. (contributor: kimchi314)

It is great! There are not many text books that cover cuasative and passive
verbs properly. I'm impressed! (contributor: Masumi)

shinareru = to be killed
ex: Kanojo wa kare ni shinaremashita. (She was killed by him.)
(contributor: Ayumi)

shinareru = to be killed (contributor: Dama)

Tha Causative form of 'kuru' is KOSASERU not koraseru as it appears in the
Causative Conjugation Rules Box (contributor: kaszarob)

彼女は彼に殺された=She was killed by him.

彼女は彼に死なれた=She had died on him.

気をつけてね!^^ (contributor: akiokun)

〜られる=Passive 〜させる=Causative  ね^^
(contributor: akiokun)

Why don´t you write the example also in romaji?
Despite you explanation it is very dificult to know how to read the kanji.
(contributor: futaro)

彼女は彼に死なれた=He had died on her
It is 'he' who had died on 'her' and not the other way round. (contributor:
bamboo4)

'ask a question' looks confusing for you.
Tthe example (2)先生が質問をたくさん聞かせてくれた。 is
strange. It should be 先生がたくさん質問を_させてくれた。
if English is Teacher let (someone) ask lots of questions.
Another example
(5) 外国人に質問を聞かれたが、答えられなかった。 is
correct. You can also say 外国人に質問をされたが、…。
(contributor: Miki)

This is most definitely on JLPT level 3. (contributor: Drew)

futaro, this page was originally from another Japanese 'tutorial', and the
original writer never put it in romaji...I think he wanted the readers to
look it up. (contributor: Saralynne)

Greetings.
I understood the 払わせてください (Let me pay for it).
And the 彼に払わせてあげる (I let him pay).

What about:
払わせてもらう? (contributor: sky)

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Sunday, November 9, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ これ以上〜ば (koreijyou-ba) ]

これ以上〜ば (koreijyou-ba) - if ~ any more than this


--- Examples ---
これ以上雨が降れば、川が氾濫してしまう
If it rains any more than this the river will flood.

皆さんからお褒めの言葉を頂きこれ以上の光栄はございません。
Having received many kind compliments from all of you, I cannot feel any
more honored than this.

これ以上待つのは時間の浪費だ。
It's a waste of time to wait any longer.

これ以上何を失えば 心は許されるの
How much more do I have to lose, before my heart is forgiven? (from 'one
more time, one more chance' by yamasaki masayoshi)

--- Comments ---
It doesn't look like examples #3008 or #4042 actually use the grammar
construct. (contributor: Nanashi)

I agree with Nanashi. (contributor: bamboo)

これ以上待てば時間を浪費するばかりだ。 (contributor:
誠)

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Saturday, November 8, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ かわきりに (kawakirini) ]

かわきりに (kawakirini) - beginning of, starting with


--- Examples ---
冗談をかわきりに話をする。
introduce the speech with a joke.

「私の経験では」のような言葉を皮切りに話しを始めなさい。
Begin statements with openers like, 'In my experience, ...',

札幌をかわきりに全国5箇所でセミナーを開催いたします。
Starting from Sapporo, we hold seminars at five places across the contry.

--- Comments ---
For #5720, Wo Hajime sounds more natural... (contributor: SARIRU)

It may be so but the meaning is the same. kawakiri maybe used rather in
speech or in written form. (contributor: Miki)

#3536 冗談をかわきりに話をする is a bit odd. 話をする
shold be changed to 話を始める.
(contributor: bambo4)

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Friday, November 7, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ あればこそ (arebakoso) ]

あればこそ (arebakoso) - particularly thanks to


--- Examples ---
皆様の協力があればこそ無事故で完工できたことを感謝しております。
I'm thankful to you all, it's particularly because of all of your support
that we were able to complete construction without incident.

きものを着ると言う行為は、洋服以上に全身の筋肉を事細かに使うことにも驚かされます。何事もほんとうに健康で
あればこそですね。
Wearing a kimono , rather than wearing Western clothes even if you don't
use it much, can be something very stressing on your muscles.
But i guess it's all possible particularly thanks to having good health
right?

エア切れで20メートルの深度からエアエンボにもかからず浮上できたのも、日頃の訓練あればこそでした。
The fact that I could surface from the depth of 20 meters after running out
of air without suffering air embolism could only be attributed to the
constant training I went through.

私にはその仕事がやさしいとわかった。前にもそんな仕事をしたことがあればこそだ。
I found the work easy, especially since I had done that kind of work
before.

あなたのためを思えばこそ、厳しくしているのだ。
Because I am especially thinking about your wellbeing, I am strict.

頭がよければこその悩みですね。
Especially becuase she is smart, she worries about such things.

優勝できたのは、チーム全員も協力あればこそだ。
The victory was especially due to the team members' cooperation.

--- Comments ---
Hmm, I could have done a smoother job on that translation. (contributor:
Amatuka)

NOTE that the construction is /past tense/ but あればこそ (as a set
phrase) can still be used. (contributor: Amatuka)

See also ある, こそ and ーば verb form. (contributor: Amatuka)

Appeared in 2000 JLPT level 1 (contributor: Amatuka)

Normally, you would say あったからこそ in #517.
(contributor: bamboo4)

ex#517 When you change the word order, it sounds natural.
無事故で完工できたのも、皆様の協力が
あればこそ/あったからこと と感謝しております。
(contributor: Miki)

oops         あればこそ/あったからこそ
(contributor: Miki)

I looked for more examples on the areba koso and i found this particular
sentence, i'm pretty messed up on the translation but minasan no kyouryoku
wo onegai itashimasu ^^! (contributor: Exrulez)

In ex#3195, I am not sure if the second sentence logically follows from the
preceding first sentence.In other words, the second sentence can stand on
its own without the first sentence.
(contributor: bamboo4)

There are some examples using different verbs besides ある (see my
examples). Should this be changed to 〜ばこそ? (contributor: blabby)

Agree. (contributor: Miki)

ex5312 Correct Japanese is 厳しくしているのだ。 (contributor:
Miki)

Thanks for noticing. Fixed typo. (contributor: blabby)

In #5312, 為に思えばこそ should be 為を思えばこそ.

#5314 is weird - should be deleted or corrected.
(contributor: bamboo4)

Thanks bamboo4 for checking.
I looked at #5314 and I think a more natural way of saying it would be
X あなたが来いと言えばこそ私は来たんです。
○ あなたが来いと言ったからこそ私は来たんです。
I came especially becuase you said to.

So I moved it to . Is this correct?
Also, does anyone know the difference between 〜ばこそ and
からこそ? I read that 〜ばこそ is used after hypothetical form
(仮定形) and the sentence must end in だ/です?? I don't get it.
(contributor: blabby)

I agree that this entry should change to 'bakoso'. My understanding of the
difference from is that 〜ばこそ stresses that the preceding condition
was the *only* reason for a certain action or attitude (which is usually
proactive or positive in nature).

〜だからこそ, on the other hand, is used when you just want to
emphasize a reason. (contributor: srobertson)

ジェイグラムを見ればこそこの文法を覚えれた。

(合ってる?)Or does it have to be

この文法を覚えれたのは、ジェイグラムを見ればこそだ
(contributor: rogen)

I agree with srobertson on his explanation on 〜ばこそ which having the
preceding condition the 'only' reason for a certain action or attitude
which usually the action taken is quite overwhelming.
〜からこそ has a more different usage where the reason is very
unexpectedly opposing to the action taken. Here is the explanation from the
book:
単純な理由ではないぶんで、よく使われる。「〜からこそ」は、次のような単純な理由を表す文に使うと不自然です。
E.g. : A : なぜ遅刻したんですか。
  X B : 電車が遅れたからこそ遅刻したんです。
Instead,
E.g. : 愛しているからこそ別れる、ということもあ 
    る。
   There is such a thing that 'It is because of love that is why both
separate from each other' Sorry, can't translate better.
E.g. :
あの先生は、学生に大人気です。優しいからじゃなくて、厳しいからこそ、好かれろのだ。
(contributor: 誠)

rogen
何でもいいと思うんですけど... (contributor: 誠)

rogen correction for you.
ジェイグラムを見たからこそ、この文法を覚えられた。
この文法を覚えられたのは、ジェイグラムを見たからこそだ。  
so you are emphasizing the fact that 'ジェイグラムを見た'.
(contributor: Miki)

rogen すみません.
Miki's correction is correct.
[It is because I had seen Jgram, that I can remember this grammar]
In this case, you had done something, then it is because of this reason you
〜。 (contributor: 誠)

I think there is only one したことが in ex #4755 (contributor: 誠)

#4755 corrected >誠 (contributor: dc)

I always thought that 〜ばこそ meant 'if only-', as in:
お金があればこそ来日できる。If only I had money I could visit
Japan.
(contributor: マリ)

#6268 'We are able to win because of the whole team's cooperation.' I think
that sounds better... (contributor: petra)

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Today's Economics

Volume 42
11/06/2008
In this issue
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Main Articles

Deflation Now . . . Inflation Later
Bill Bonner | November 3, 2008 | View It
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U.S. Inflation Like a Hurricane
Adrian Ash | November 3, 2008 | View It
"America is about to get hit by a hurricane of money-blown inflation in the cost of living."

Time To Bunker Down
Joe Average | November 5, 2008 | View It
"Many believe we will not see an end to hard times for at least two years."

IMF Bailout of the US
Darryl Robert Schoon | November 4, 2008 | View It
"US is no more able to pay $13 trillion of dollars of debt than sub prime borrowers can pay the $1.3 trillion dollars owed. . ."

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Thursday, November 6, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 今ごろになっ��� ~も (imagoroninatte) ]

今ごろになって ~も (imagoroninatte) - it's already too late

--- Notes ---
this is used like
[verb-te]+mo

--- Examples ---
今ごろになって勝訴しても、亡くなった人は帰ってこない。
Even though we won the lawsuit, it's too late to bring the dead back.

明日出発なのに、今頃になってビザがないなんて。
You are leaving tomorrow, and I can't believe at this late point you still
haven't gotten yourself a visa!

今ごろになってそのようなことを言われても遅いよ!
It's too late for you to tell me that at this stage!

今ごろになってやめろと言われても遅い
Its too late to tell me to stop now!


今頃になって(から)、切符を買うのは遅すぎる
Its too late to buy tickets now.

今ごろになって(から)、注文しても遅い

It's too late to order

今頃になってそんなこというの?
Are you telling me that at this juncture in time?

--- Comments ---
Do the brackets on #3020 and #3021 indicate that both phrases can be used
with or without から with little change in the meaning? If so, since they
are similar constructions, would it be better to have one without and one
with, and an explanation of this optional extra in the notes? (contributor:
mochabean)

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Wednesday, November 5, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ なり (nari) ]

なり (nari) - As soon as

--- Notes ---
Verb(辞書形) + なり

[AなりB] - B is often an unexpected or unusual thing.

--- Examples ---
彼は帰ってくるなり食事もせずに寝てしまいました。
As soon as he got home, he went to bed without eating.

彼はドアを開けるなり、靴をはいたまま部屋に入ってきた。
As soon as he opened the door, he walked in still wearing his shoes.

パーティー会場に入るなり、サムは食べ物めがけて突進した。
As soon as he got to the party, Sam made a bee line for the food.

ファンは、有名人と出くわすなり、彼にサインを求めた。
On encountering the celebrity, the fans asked for his autogaph.

教室に入るなり、先生は突然怒ったような口調で話しはじめた。
On entering the classroom, our teacher burst into angry speech.

入ってくるなり、彼は倒れた。
The instant he came in, he fell down.

--- Comments ---
My book says that this is for a strange or unexpected event.

X スイッチを入れるなり電気がついた。
O スイッチを入れると電気がついた。
O スイッチを入れるなり爆発が起きた。

However, my book says it is only used for Verb(辞書形)+なり, but I
have sometimes seen cases of Verb(た形)+なり from other sources. Does
anyone know which is correct? (contributor: blabby)

Verb(た形)+なり is used in a different way. It implies one movement is
continuing. 〜したまま。
会社を出たなり、いつまでも帰らない。He left the office
and hasn't come back.
彼女を見つめたなり、しばらくの間微動だにしなかった。He
stared at her and didn't move an inch for a while.
You can find better translations. (contributor: Miki)

that sounds like a totally different nari, so i created a new page for it:
[nari2] (contributor: dc)

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Tuesday, November 4, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 攻めに (zemeni) ]

攻めに (zemeni) - Overwhelmingly


--- Examples ---
広告攻めにされた。
I was overwhelmed with advertisments.

質問攻めにする。
To bombard someone with questions.

毎日Eメール攻めに遭っている。
Every day I am overwhelmed by an amazing amount of emails.

--- Comments ---
Should the pronunciation be せめ rather than ぜめ? (contributor:
godfrey)

Godfrey, I'm guessing that the ze is a result of being combined with the
noun. So like a ka would become ga (te+ kakari= tegakari) the se of seme
becomes ze (contributor: abhishekpandit)

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Monday, November 3, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ としたら、と���れば、とすると (toshitara, tosureba, tosuruto) ]

としたら、とすれば、とすると (toshitara, tosureba, tosuruto)
- if one did; if one were to

--- Notes ---
FORMATION:
V(plain form) + としたら・とすれば・とすると
いA + としたら・とすれば・とすると
なA・N + だ + としたら・とすれば・とすると

--- Examples ---
温泉に行くとしたらどこがいいでしょうね。
if we were to go to onsen, where would you suggest?

この質問を答えるとしたら何が貰いますか。
If I answer this question , what will I receive?

生まれ変われるとしたら、男がいい?女がいい?
If you were born again, would you be a man or a woman?

君が僕の立場としたら、この場合どうする?
If you were in my place, what would you do in this situation?

このまま不況から抜け出せないとすれば、日本の将来に希望はない。
At this rate, if we don't pull out of this recession, there will be no hope
for Japan's future.

--- Comments ---
'温泉に行った'らはどうですかな?
(contributor: Snake)

温泉に行ったらどこがいいでしょうね。hmm not natural.
温泉に行くならば can be replaced.
温泉と言ったら、どこがいいでしょうかね。means quite
similar.
When it comes to Onsen, where would be good. かな?? (contributor:
Miki)

The example of zero is most natural. Otehr suggestions are not as
good.温泉に行ったらどこがいいでしょうね is simply
unacceptable.'When it comes to Onsen, where would you suggest?' would sound
natural in English. (contributor: bamboo4)

Not as good? You shouldn't say so as we use them except
温泉に行ったら even if you use only what you call the most natural
one. 心外なご意見です。(・_・) (contributor: Miki)

Sorry, I did not realize that 'other examples' included
温泉に行くならば and 温泉と言ったら. Both of them, of
course, are acceptable even though I would vote for 温泉といえば.
(contributor: bamboo4)

##5234 Japanese is not natural.
この質問に答えるとしたら、  何をもらうのですか?
この質問に答えたら、     何が貰えますか?
(contributor: Miki)

Is this actually how to use a subjunctive mood in Japanese? I wasn't sure
if such thing existed. For example, 'If I had been born rich, my life would
be better.' or 'If I were President, I would feed the hungry.' -- Both
meaning 'X is not true, but if it were, then I think Y would happen.' The
emphasis is on the requirement that 'X is not true.' Does this nuance come
through in the Japanese? (contributor: adamstudio)

金持ちに生まれていたら生活がもっと豊かだったろうに
or
大統領であるとしたら、飢えた人々を救済したであろうに
- both of these examples satisfy the supposition ' that X is not true' but
if it were, then Y would have happened. (contributor: bamboo4)

I think of this as more of an 'assuming that...' or 'if we assume...'
construct. It's basically saying, this might not be correct (or might not
happen), but what if it is (or does)?

For example:
本当だとしたら、どうするの?
Assuming it's true, what do we do then? (contributor: KWhazit)

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Sunday, November 2, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 〜まじき (majiki) ]

〜まじき (majiki) - not likely


--- Examples ---
許すまじきことであれ。
It's something that cannot be forgiven

すまじきものは宮仕え。
It's government service one should avoid.

許すまじき暴言を吐いた。
She used offensive language that cannot be forgiven.

--- Comments ---
まじ is a predecessor of まい, both archaic foorm of auxilliary verb
meaning negation of べし.

In the modern Japanese, it is not commonly used in conversation excpet for
some archaic set phrase such as すまじきものは宮仕え、This was
written about 1,000 years ago by 清少納言(Seishonagon) in her essay
called 枕草子(Makurano Soushi). (contributor: bamboo4)

can this be translated as 'no need to'? (contributor: dc)

No, it's more emphatic 'should not.' (contributor: bamboo4)

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Saturday, November 1, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ にあって (niatte) ]

にあって (niatte) - being in/due to/suited to

--- Notes ---
Noun + にあって
 混乱期にあって
 幼児期にあって

often used to with situation that has a time span. 'At the time that' or
'under the circumstances of...'

にあって=に+ある→いる

いる to be: → 'being in'

--- Examples ---
幼児期にあって、彼はストレスの多い状況を経験した。
As an infant, he underwent a stressful situation.

この核時代にあっては、世界中どこの国だって安全ではない。
No country under the sun is safe in this nuclear age.

その行いが神にあってなされたことが明らかにされるためである。」
So that it may be seen plainly that what he has done has been done through
God.

その宝はまだ森の中にあって、そこの木の下に埋めてある。
The treasure is still in the forest, where it is buried under a tree.

それは信じるものはみな、人の子にあって永遠の命を持つためです。

That every one who believes in him may have eternal life.

自然がいつもそこにあって私たちを助けてくれることを当然だと思ってはいけない。
on't take it for granted that the nature is always there to help us.

日本は完全に近代化したという点で、アジア諸国の中にあって独特の存在である。
Japan is unique among the Asian countries in having modernized completely.

彼の家は丘の中腹にあって、見晴らしがすばらしい。
His house stands on the hill-side and commands a splendid view.

彼は混乱のただ中にあっても冷静だ。
He is cool amid confusion.

彼女のドレスは私の趣味にあっていない。
Her dress is not to my taste.

豊かさの中にあっても餓死する人がいるのは残念なことである。
It is a pity that some people starve to death even in the midst of plenty.

数学は高度情報社会にあって、必要な教養となっている。
Mathematics, in such a highly information orientated society is a necessary
field of study. 

--- Comments ---
related to a situation.. 状況にあって (contributor: dc)

I think it usually にあっては, which is similar to においては or
では
but still とあって is usedin this form: tell the circumstances.
(contributor: dc)

#4237, #4239 These sentences come from ヨハネの福音書 3 (John 3).
(contributor: Miki)

#5081, #5082, #5083, #5084, #5086, #5090, #5092, #5093, #5095 are not for
this entry.
に + a form of あう
(contributor: Miki)

#5091 is missing 'my'.
彼女のドレスは_私/自分の趣味にあっていない。
(contributor: Miki)

corrected/deleted. will remove comments soon too. (contributor: dc)

I assume that example #4234 should read as follow:
児時期にあって心に受けた傷は、生涯トラウマとして心に残りつずけるそうだ。
(contributor: Olivier)

Olivier, It shouldn't be 児時期. 幼児期 youjiki is fine.
つづける 続ける
But English says something like
幼児期にあって、彼はストレスの多い状況を経験した。
(contributor: Miki)

I've changed #4234 to Miki's verion, since the original was an incomplete
sentence and Miki's reworking still contains the grammar point.
(contributor: mochabean)

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