Friday, February 29, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ どんな (donna) ]

どんな (donna) - Whatever; whoever, etc.


--- Examples ---
どんなことがあっても
No matter what happens.

どんなことを言ったとしても.....
No matter whatever you said......

どんな人も、入ることはできません
Noone whatsoever can enter.

どんな意見でも聞き入れるようにします。
We try to accept whatever opinion you may have.

どんな風に説明したの?
In what manner did you explain it?

どんなに飲んでももっとほしい
No matter how much I drink, I want more.

あなたはその事とどんな関係があるのですか。
What do you have to do with this matter?

--- Comments ---
Tried to show similarity to 'ikanaru-demo' which is not necessarily
conversational. (contributor: bamboo4)

should this be donna-demo to keep consistency with [ikanaru-demo]
(contributor: dc)

I don't think so. どんな is not inherently coupled with でも.
(contributor: bamboo4)

for #3000
i was told:
どんな人も、入る事はできません sounds odd.
more natural are:
誰も入る事はできません
誰も入れません

but these arent examples of !
is there a reason this might sound uncomfortable? (contributor: dc)

どんなに飲んでももっとほしい

どんなに飲んでももっと欲しくなる (contributor: dc)

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Thursday, February 28, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 今から思えば (imakaraomoeba) ]

今から思えば (imakaraomoeba) - Looking back on it now


--- Examples ---
今から思えばあの時に会社を辞めたことは間違いではなかった。
Looking back on it now, quitting the company was the right thing to do.

今から思えば両親に言われた通りにしておけば良かった
Looking back on it now I wish i had done things the way my parents told
me.

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Wednesday, February 27, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 〜まじき (majiki) ]

〜まじき (majiki) - not likely


--- Examples ---
許すまじきことであれ。
It's something that cannot be forgiven

すまじきものは宮仕え。
It's government service one should avoid.

許すまじき暴言を吐いた。
She used offensive language that cannot be forgiven.

--- Comments ---
まじ is a predecessor of まい, both archaic foorm of auxilliary verb
meaning negation of べし.

In the modern Japanese, it is not commonly used in conversation excpet for
some archaic set phrase such as すまじきものは宮仕え、This was
written about 1,000 years ago by 清少納言(Seishonagon) in her essay
called 枕草子(Makurano Soushi). (contributor: bamboo4)

can this be translated as 'no need to'? (contributor: dc)

No, it's more emphatic 'should not.' (contributor: bamboo4)

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Today's Economics

Volume 9
02/26/2008
In this issue
Main Articles
Free Services & Links
Refer-A-Friend and Win
Forward to a Friend
Risk Disclosures
Main Articles

Bullish On Gold and Silver
Gold Bug | Feb 25, 2008 | View It
"gold is looking strong in Indian markets on back of crude trading at high levels"

Why Inflation will Trump Deflation
Daniel R. Amerman, CFA | Feb 23, 2008 | View It
"Any government which controls the supply of its own currency can force inflation at any time"

Platinum is on Fire - Will Gold Follow?
Thomas Z. Tan - CFA, MBA | Feb 19, 2008 | View It
"platinum is very much in sync with gold and silver from long term perspective."

China to Issue 44 Types of Gold and Silver Commemorative Coins in 2008
China View | Feb 25, 2008 | View It
"These commemorative coins include 23 gold coins and 21 varieties of silver coins."

US Backs Plan For IMF to Sell some Gold Reserves
Bloomberg | Feb 13, 2008 | View It
"The Bush administration supported sales of as much as 12.9 million ounces"

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Tuesday, February 26, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ せんがため (sengatame) ]

せんがため (sengatame) - In order to do

--- Notes ---
Formal.
Written more than spoken.

にせんがため is equivalent to にするため

uses the nai form of verbs without nai.
In the case of suru, it is, as in the name of the entry, せんがため.

--- Examples ---
キリスト教義の正当性をより強固にせんがための伏線ととれないこともありません。
This must be a covert effort in order to further strengthen the veracity of
the Christian dogma

あの頃わたしは大学に進学せんがために毎日必死でがんばった。
At that time, in order to go on to university I frantically did my best
everyday.

研究を完成させんがため、彼は昼夜寝ずにがんばった。
In order to finish the project, he worked day and night without sleeping.

一日も早く自分の店を持ったんがために、必死で働いている。
To keep one's store going even one more day, one is frantically working.

--- Comments ---
Appeared in 2002 JLPT level 1 (contributor: Amatuka)

Old style usage, not in much use in modern Japanese. (contributor: Amatuka)

That's a horrible, horrible translation ^^vv (contributor: Amatuka)

any ideas on detailed difference with youni? (contributor: dc)

Hmm, I think the two big differences are
1. You'll probably never have to use せんがため
and
2. ように isn't tested in JLPT level 1.
;-) (contributor: Amatuka)

So, no I don't have any idea of detailed differences to youni youni
(contributor: Amatuka)

The English translation is not only inaccurate but terrible: 'This must be
a covert effort to further strengthen the veracity of the Christian dogma'
would be more like it. (contributor: bamboo4)

translation updated! (contributor: dc)

あの頃わたしは大学に進学せんがために毎日必死でがんばった。
At that time, in order to go on to university I frantically did my best
everyday. (contributor: beth)

thanks for the ex Beth. added #5734 (contributor: dc)

Not a comment on the Japanese, but the English: it's not 'everyday' but
'every day.' CAC (contributor: kyoho16)

Can this be used with other verbs, such as 入る? My grammar book uses
this example:
何かを勉強したいというより、ただ一流大学に入らんがために勉強している人が多い。
If this is the same pattern, can someone update this entry? (contributor:
tmkain)

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Monday, February 25, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ 〜であれ (deare) ]

〜であれ (deare) - No matter what; Even if; No matter how

--- Notes ---
Same meaning as 'Tatoe~temo'. Written. Formal.

see http://www.geocities.com/easykanji/jlptgrammar.html

--- Examples ---
社長であれ規則はまもらないといけない
Even the company president has to obey the rules.

投票は海外に住んでいる人であれするべきだ
Voting is something that you have to do, even if you live abroad.

あなたの職業がなんであれ、また、その職業にどんなに満足していても、何かほかの仕事を選べばよかったと思うときがあるものだ。

No matter what your profession, or how happy you may be in it, there are
moments when you wish you had chosen some other career.

たとえ天候がどうであれ、私は行きます。
I will go, be the weather what it may.

ドアの所にいる人が誰であれ、待つように言ってください。
Whoever is at the door, please ask him to wait.

--- Comments ---
Please, think to the people who have a hardtime understandin japanes
writing and put the example also in romanji. Thank you. (contributor:
futaro)

I am not able to read kanjis... (contributor: uetaki)

This example is JLPT level 1. It is formal and WRITTEN grammar.

Just click on the example and you will get a tranlastion into hiragana from
the Edict dictionary.

If you can't read hiragana, you will find studying advanced written grammar
a little hard... (contributor: blabby)

Is this just like a formal version of 「だって」、As
in, アメリカ人だってご飯を食べますよ。

Hmm actually that's not right, is it. I guess it's more like でも or
であっても, yeah? (contributor: rogen)

From what I have studied so far であれ has a similar meaning to
であっても and でも (contributor: evdsluys)

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Sunday, February 24, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 [ きんじえない (kinjienai) ]

きんじえない (kinjienai) - can't help feeling

--- Notes ---
怒りや悲しみなどの気持を抑えることができない

--- Examples ---
孤児には同情をきんじえない。
I can't help feeling sorry for the orphans.


同情を禁じえない
cant help feeling sorry for

彼の愚かな振る舞いに怒りを禁じえなかった。
I could not control my anger at his silly behaviour.

不安を禁じえない。
I can't help but be worried.

彼は彼女に驚きを禁じえなかった。
He couldn't help but surprise her.

--- Comments ---
is this the same as (contributor: dc)

Tenaranaiis not the same as 禁じえない. 抑えられない can be the
similar to 禁じえない.
禁じえない would be used when you talk about
feelings. 同情を抑えられない。 (contributor: Miki)

I think the nuance is more towards '(I) can't control/supress'.
It is often used with 怒り,同情,驚き,失望,涙,笑い (contributor:
blabby)

Is this just the verb 禁じる + 得る ? If so, should it have it's own
entry when already exists? (contributor: yookoso)

yookoso, you are right. 禁じる means 抑える or ' to suppress', while
得ない means cannot or できない。禁じ得ない literally means
禁じることができない/抑えることができない or 'unable
to supress', but this grammar always used together with feelings such as
同情、驚き、失望、涙,.... (contributor: 誠)

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Saturday, February 23, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - によって (niyotte-2)

によって (niyotte-2) - depending on


--- Examples ---
天気によっては来ます
depending on the weather, i will come

結果によっては採用しないことがあります。
Depending upon the outcome, you may not be hired.

天気によっては中止することがあります。
Depending upon the weather, the event may be cancelled.

--- Comments ---
天気によって来ます is weird. It should be '天気次第で行きます.'
(contributor: bamboo4)

how about
 天気によっては来ます (contributor: dc)

If you say 天気によっては来ます,it is very likely that you are talking
about some third party or things. Like in Nikko, there are many monkeys,
and you can say that to indicate that those monkeys will show up depending
on the weather.

If you are talking about yourself, it is normal to say
天気によってはゆきます or 天気によっては帰って来ます but one do not
normally see 来ます very often.

(contributor: bamboo4)

erm, sorry my encoding messed up again, that first line should be 'saiyou
shinai _koto_ ga arimasu'

delete button doesn't seem to work :(
(contributor: Snake)

snake hiya - deleted your mojibake post above... dunno why your delete btn
is not working - are you logged in?
also the encoding, i haven't seen probs with. what browser/OS are you on?
(contributor: dc)

dc, I cannot delete my comment, too. When I am logged off, I cannot see
delete btn. でしょ? (contributor: Miki)

I could delete an example I added. (contributor: Miki)

yes, you can only delete your own comments - so you have to be logged in so
the system knows which are yours! otherwise an anonymous user could come in
and delete everything... (contributor: dc)

I was logged in, and i tried it again just then logged in, but no go. I'm
using Opera though.. gomen
ブラウザによっては削除出来ないことがあります(^^;
(contributor: Snake)

dang. that would class as a bug then. might be Opera cookie/session
handling. I recommend firefox but IE seems OK too. (contributor: dc)

Firefox cannot handle Japanese fonts. (contributor: bamboo4)

ex1309 天気 によっては 来ます can also be used such when you were at a
gathering and asked if you comes to next gathering. 
一郎:「次回はきますか?」Will you come next time?
花子:「天気によっては来ます。」 (contributor: Miki)

I use Firefox and have had no problems with japanese fonts..? (contributor:
dc)

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Friday, February 22, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - どうも (doumo)

どうも (doumo) - apparently, naturally


--- Examples ---
この空模様では、どうも雨になりそうだ。
With this kind of sky apparently it will rain

どうもうまくゆかない。
Whatever I do, it doesn't end up well.

どうも済みません。
I feel very bad about it.

どうもよくわからん。
It's not very clear and I don't quite understand.

「あの人たちは、またストをやるんだろうか」「どうもそうらしいね」
'Will they go on strike again?' 'I'm afraid so.'

どうも行く必要はないようです。
There seems to be no need to go.

いやどうも、どうも。
Well, thank you/sorry/sorry I'm late/good to see you, etc.

--- Comments ---
済みません means that one's mind remains unsettled and therefore not 澄む,
that is not clear. From 澄む came the concept of 済む meaning 'finishied.'
(contributor: bamboo4)

You can simply say どうも and you can dispense with all other phrases you
can think of!
(contributor: bamboo4)

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Thursday, February 21, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - うっかり (ukkari)

うっかり (ukkari) - carelessly, without thinking


--- Examples ---
うっかりミスをする
make a careless mistake

うっかり間違いを犯した。
I made a careless mistake.

うっかり口を滑らせると思わぬ結果を招くことが多い。
A slip of the tongue often brings about unexpected results.

降りるところをうっかり通り越した。
I went past my stop absent-mindedly.

ついうっかりしてバスを乗り間違えた。
I got on a wrong bus by mistake.

ついうっかりして花瓶を落としてしまった。
I carelessly dropped a vase.

ついうっかり言わないでおけばいいことを言ってしまった。
A foolish impulse made me say what I should have left unsaid.

なんだか焦げ臭いね。うっかりパンを黒こげにしちゃったの。
Something is burning. I carelessly let some bread burn.

ぼくはうっかり受話器をはずさないでダイヤルを回した。
I was careless enough to dial without taking off the receiver.

タクシーの中にカメラを置き忘れてくるなってうっかりしてましたね。
It was careless of you to leave your camera in the taxi.

--- Comments ---
I think we could omit this ukkari from the jgram, since this is actually a
word, and not a grammatical phrase. Otherwise, if we start adding words
(like adverbs), then there would just an enormous number to add. Words
like 'bonyari' would also have to be added, which might be a pain.
(contributor: nhk9)

#3585 J should be …置き忘れてくるなんて…。 (contributor: Miki)

今まで頂いた文法例以前一回か二回見たことがありましたが今回の「うっかり」と言うものを始めて見ました。知り合いの日本人にも聞きなかったです。だからこんなものをはずしたほうが本当に良いかどうか皆に判断するように申し上げます。[nhk9さん]もしかして別のスレッドを作成する可能性がありませんか。
(contributor: ppmohapatra)

ppmohapatraさん、僕も今まで「うっかり」を見たことがなかったのに 文法として向かないと思います。 もし、別のスレッドがあればよかったと思います。 でもここに入れるのが危ないと思わないの? 一回すると あっという間に、皆さんが自分の見たことない言葉入れてしまって、このサイトが探し難くなります。 そう言う問題にならないために文法なら、いいですけど 単語なら、jim
breensのサイトに入れたほうがいいと思います。 (contributor: tigert)

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Wednesday, February 20, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - 今さら〜た�ニころで (imasara-tatokorode)

今さら〜たところで (imasara-tatokorode) - it's already too late

--- Notes ---
This is usually followed by a negative.

 imasara (verb-ta) tokorode, (verb2-nai)
 imasara setsumei shita tokorode, yurusanai.

= its too late to explain - you won't be forgiven

--- Examples ---
今さら説明したところで先生は許してくれないと思う
it's too late to explain, I don't think the teacher will forgive you now.

今さら騒いだところで、どうにもならないよ。後の祭りだよ。
Yelling about it won't help now. You should have done that when it counted.

--- Comments ---
not sure how this is different from (contributor: dc)

They are almost the same. 
今頃になって説明したところで、…。
今頃になって説明したって、…。 (contributor: Miki)

ex#3980 can be also said as 今さら騒いでもどうにもならないよ。…。
(contributor: Miki)

imasara-demo/temo (contributor: Miki)

A better translation would be ' Even if (one) had 〜ed now, ... still ...'
(contributor: 誠)

I agree with 誠. ex#3980 translation makes more sense as: 'Even if you
make a fuss now, nothing can be done (about it). It's too late!'
(contributor: godfrey)

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Today's Economics

Volume 8
02/19/2008
In this issue
Main Articles
Free Services & Links
Refer-A-Friend and Win
Forward to a Friend
Risk Disclosures
Main Articles

China Sees Boom in Gold Demand
Gold Bug | Feb 19, 2008 | View It
"Such a surge in demand might prove difficult to meet in the light of recent reports of gold supply shortages around the world"

Burgeoning Inflation Very Positive for Gold and Commodities
Market Oracle | Feb 19, 2008 | View It
"gold is very well supported and looks to be consolidating prior to challenging the recent highs and targetting $1,000 in the coming weeks."

Commodities - Will the Upward Price Trend Continue?
Investec Asset Management | Feb 19, 2008 | View It
". . . demand will be driven by the development and urbanization of economies like China and India."

Gold US Dollar Decoupling as Gold Approaches $1,000
Roy Martens | Feb 13, 2008 | View It
"up until now we saw the precious metals fall in price every time the dollar strengthened."

Fancy Another Stimulus Package or Two
Adrian Ash | Feb 13, 2008 | View It
"One action alone will not solve every problem in the housing market"

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Yookoso! email changes and site redesign

Hello all,

As you know I very rarely contact you so that must mean I am making another
big change to the site/mailing list. In fact, I am making three big
changes:

1. Redesigning the site. Mostly it will look the same but I have cleaned up
the HTML code, added the ability to report bad links and made some other
small improvements. Most importantly, I have switched entirely to using
UTF-8 encoding (I have also re-worked all the course notes to be UTF-8
encoded since they were kind of a mess before). This MAY mean that you have
to change your email reader settings to view the daily emails properly,
though most good programs these days will automatically display the proper
encoding so hopefully most of you won't notice any problems.

2. I am moving the site to a new server (this is part of the reason for the
switch to UTF-8). Typically, this is not something you should care about,
except that the IP address will be different so that may or may not affect
the ability of the daily emails to get to your inbox. Make sure you
whitelist the yookoso.com domain or do whatever else you need to on your
end to help ensure the emails get through.

3. I am updating to the latest version of the software (phplist) that I use
to send the emails. Along with this upgrade I am updating the email
template to hopefully display better, especially the subject lines which
sometimes become mojibake under the current setup.

Of course, all of this will transpire without the slightest problem
whatsoever ;-) Seriously, there may be a day (or three or four) where some
unexpected problems appear so please be patient. If you notice any problems
that last more than a few days, please email me and let me know so I can
try to fix them. It's always hard to get things just right across browsers,
platforms, etc. so don't assume that I will notice all site/email problems.


I don't have a specific date for making the above changes, but it *should*
be sometime in the next week.

Thanks and good luck with your study.
Jeff


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Tuesday, February 19, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - いかにも (ikanimo)

いかにも (ikanimo) - seems (but is not); indeed

--- Notes ---
Description + いかにも + evidence to the contrary = seems (but isn't)
Desciption + いかにも = indeed


--- Examples ---
あのかばんはいかにも重そうだが、中身はからで、1キロしかない。
The bag indeed looks heavy, but there's nothing inside, so it only weighs 1
kilo.

あの人は見かけはいかにもこわそうだが、本当はとても優しい人です。
That guy has a really frightening look, but he is in fact a very gentle
person.

いかにもあいつの言いそうなことだ。
That indeed sounds like what he would have said.

あのスーツはいかにも高そうだ。
That suit has an expensive look.

いかにもビルのやりそうなことだ。
That's Bill all over.

いかにもリゾートって感じの格好ね。
Your clothes say 'vacation resort' to me.

こんなおふざけはいかにもベーカー氏らしい。
Such playfulness is characteristic of Mr Baker.

こんな格好をしているといかにもスポーツをしてそうに見えるけど、全然やってないんだよ。
I look for all the world like an athlete in this outfit, but the truth is I
don't do any sports at all.

そうしたしゃべりかたはいかにも彼らしい。
That way of talking is typical of him.

そうした話し方はいかにも彼らしい。
That way of talking is typical of him.

そのような行いはいかにもメグらしい。
Such behavior is just like Meg.

そんな発言はいかにも彼らしい。
Such words are particular to him.

事象として簡単なことを、いかにも難しそうに表現する人は、あまり頭がよさそうではない。
A person who makes an easy matter sound difficult does not seem to be so
smart.

遅刻するなんていかにも彼らしいと思う。
I firmly believe it is characteristic of him to be late.

遅れてやってくるのは、いかにも彼のやりそうなことだった。
It was typical of him to arrive late.

朝食前に出勤するなんていかにも彼らしい。
It is characteristic of him to go to work before breakfast.

彼はいかにも「営業」って感じだね。
He's a salesman's salesman.

彼はいかにも私の親友らしく見せかけた。
He posed as my close friend.

彼女の口振りはいかにもそらぞらしい。
She talks too aloofly.

--- Comments ---
ex#2993 とても親切な人でした。not でた。
you can also say, 見るからに重さそうだが、見るからに恐そうだが、.
(contributor: Miki)

In #2993, if you want to say 親切な, you have to say 'kind,' but if you say
優しい then you can say 'gentle.' YOu can be 親切 but do not necessarily be
優しい and vice versa.
(contributor: bamboo4)

JDict gives both kind and gentle as meanings for both - can you clarify?

親切な 【しんせつ】kind
優しい 【やさしい】gentle (contributor: dc)

It is true that 親切な and 優しい are often mixed up. However, technically
speaking 親切 is what is represented by the act of Good Samaritan in the
Bible, meaning going out of one's way to help, but this does not necessrily
mean he is 優しい, which means that he is gentle of disposition and
sweet-tempered. A sweet-tempered person could often be a kind person at the
same time, but that is not the necessary condition. (contributor: bamboo4)

Edited #2993. (contributor: bamboo4)

I added in a note that clarified a bit of confusion for me. After I wrote
it, it seemed a bit obvious, but I suppose that's how learning goes. I hope
it's useful for others, and the kind of note that's desired. (contributor:
Ebisu Dave)

ex #3968 ' With this appearance/outfit, I indeed look like doing sports,
but the truth is I don't do any sports at all. ' Sounds better.
(contributor: 誠)

The note says Description + いかにも but all the examples appear to be
いかにも + Description. Should we change that? (contributor: yookoso)

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Monday, February 18, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - ならいざ知�轤ク (naraizashirazu)

ならいざ知らず (naraizashirazu) - I'm not sure if it is [possible/so]
but...

--- Notes ---
名詞句 + ならいざ知らず, B

--- Examples ---
辞書があるならいざ知らず、何もなくてはこの文章はとても読めるものではない。
Maybe it's possible if I had a dictionary but with nothing, it is by no
means easy to read.

専門家ならいざ知らず、素人ではこの化学品を作ることができない。
Maybe it's possible for an expert, but a beginner can't make this chemical.

--- Comments ---
You can also say ならともかく which has the same meaning. (contributor:
blabby)

ex#5780 ものではない means : ' shouldn't'. So,I feel that it may be
わけがない (impossible, by no means) or ことができない (contributor: 誠)

>誠
Thanks for your great contributions to this site!
Yes you are correct that わけがない and ことができない are good
translations for 'by no means'/'impossible'.

However, this example uses '読める' which is like saying
'できるものではない' rather than just 'ものではない'. Therefore I stand by
my translation. (contributor: blabby)

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Sunday, February 17, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - て初めて (tehajimete)

て初めて (tehajimete) - not until, only after


--- Examples ---
2、3日たって初めて彼が到着した。
It was not until a few days later that he arrived.

20才になって初めて、彼女は歌手になろうと決心した。
She did not decide to be a singer until she reached the age of twenty.

あとになって初めて、それをやった理由を彼は説明した。
Only afterward did he explain why he did it.

ずっと後になって初めて私は子供の教育の大切さを理解するようになりました。
It was only much later that I came to understand the importance of child
education.

そして14歳になって初めてピアノに触れたのです。
And I was fourteen years old before I touched a piano for the first time.

その時になって初めて私たちが置かれている危険にきずいた。
Only then did I see the danger we were in.

その時になって初めて私は危険な事態に気がついたのである。
Not till then did I realize the danger of the situation.

つい最近になって初めて彼女は考えを変えた。
It was only recently that she changed her mind.

--- Comments ---
ex#584 We usually say えっ for うぇ Eh. (contributor: Miki)

ex #3568 should end with きづいた (気づく) (contributor: Tan)

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Saturday, February 16, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - きんじえな�「 (kinjienai)

きんじえない (kinjienai) - can't help feeling

--- Notes ---
怒りや悲しみなどの気持を抑えることができない

--- Examples ---
孤児には同情をきんじえない。
I can't help feeling sorry for the orphans.


同情を禁じえない
cant help feeling sorry for

彼の愚かな振る舞いに怒りを禁じえなかった。
I could not control my anger at his silly behaviour.

不安を禁じえない。
I can't help but be worried.

彼は彼女に驚きを禁じえなかった。
He couldn't help but surprise her.

--- Comments ---
is this the same as (contributor: dc)

Tenaranaiis not the same as 禁じえない. 抑えられない can be the similar to
禁じえない.
禁じえない would be used when you talk about
feelings. 同情を抑えられない。 (contributor: Miki)

I think the nuance is more towards '(I) can't control/supress'.
It is often used with 怒り,同情,驚き,失望,涙,笑い (contributor: blabby)

Is this just the verb 禁じる + 得る ? If so, should it have it's own entry
when already exists? (contributor: yookoso)

yookoso, you are right. 禁じる means 抑える or ' to suppress', while 得ない
means cannot or できない。禁じ得ない literally means
禁じることができない/抑えることができない or 'unable to supress', but this
grammar always used together with feelings such as
同情、驚き、失望、涙,.... (contributor: 誠)

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Friday, February 15, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - まだしも (madashimo)

まだしも (madashimo) - would be much better, would be acceptable


--- Examples ---
一度ならまだしもここまで六回その言葉を間違えって書いた。
Once would be acceptable, but you've misspelled that word six times now.

この方がまだしもあれよりよい。
This would be better than that.

こんなひどい目に合うよりまだしも死んだほうがよい。
I would rather die than have such a terrible experience.

すうじつならまだしも10日も滞納している。
A few days would have been excusable but you are in arrears for 10 days.

--- Comments ---
often appears with 'nara' in front, meaning '(if it were this) then that
would be OK, but...'
This was a correct answer on the 1kyuu in 2005. (contributor:
naimononedari)

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Thursday, February 14, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - 兼ねて (kanete)

兼ねて (kanete) - combine with

--- Notes ---
Noun + を + 兼ねて
Noun + を + 兼ねる


--- Examples ---
大阪の仕事を兼ねて京都見物に行く
In going to Osaka on business, I'll combine it with a sightseeing visit to
Kyoto.

総理大臣(首相)と外務大臣(外相)とを兼ねる。
Hold the office of Prime Minister concurrently with the portfolio of
Foreign Minister.

私は勉強と遊びを兼ねている仕事につきたい。
I want to get a job that mixes work and play.

作文の練習を兼ねて、日本のペンフレンドと文通をしています。まあ、一挙両得というわけです。
Combined with writing practice, I am corresponding with my Japanese pen
friend. I guess I am killing two birds with one stone.

趣味と実益を兼ねて日本語の勉強をしたが、いつの間にか、通訳が本業になってしまった。
Along with personal interest and practical reasons, I studied Japanese.
Before I knew it, translation became my main source of income.

--- Comments ---
Thank you for putting this page up.
(contributor: bamboo4)

Does anyone know if it is possible to use this in a form other than
Noun+を+兼ねて? (contributor: blabby)

I thought of examles other than Noun nor noun phrase, nothing comes up.
noun phrase eg. 頭を冷やすのを兼ねて公園に散歩に行く (contributor: Miki)

Thanks for your help Miki, I'll add it to the notes section. (contributor:
blabby)

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Wednesday, February 13, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - 〜の至り (noitari)

〜の至り (noitari) - completely; utmost

--- Notes ---
formal, written.

Noun + の至り

Notes: Formal. No kiwami and no itari mean exactly the same thing and are
also exactly the same grammatically. The only difference is that no itari
sounds more humble.

khongbietboi, according to my JLPT1 grammar book what you are saying isn't
entirely correct. no itari can only be used for the speaker, whereas no
kiwami can be used for others as well. so they are NOT exactly the same.

--- Examples ---
赤面の至りだ
I was completely embarassed

若気の至りで
in the folly of youth

喜びの至り
utmost joy

冥加の至り
great blessing

憧れの女優に握手してもらって、もう感激の至りだ。
I shook the hand of my favourite actress. I was completely overwhelmed.

--- Comments ---
is this the same as (contributor: dc)

maybe has more of an implication of something that lead up to this
situation? like - same kanji 至る (contributor: dc)

I read that this is mainly used with experssions of emotion. 光栄, 感激,
若気,感心, etc are commonly used. It is ofen inerchangable with 〜の極み
but 〜の極み is also used for words of non-emotion such as 疲労の極み.
(contributor: blabby)

Can somebody confirm if 〜の至り is used only for emotions.

贅沢(ぜいたく)の至り and 低俗の至り are wrong because they are not
emotions. Right?

They should be 贅沢の極み and 低俗の極み right??

Is ther an easier way to tell the difference between 〜の極みand 〜の至り?
(contributor: blabby)

I am not sure if you can categorize 至り as relating to emotions and 極み
as not. 光栄の至り、汗顔の至り and 慶賀の至り, etc., may not just relate
to emotions. It is hard to set up any rule to differentiate.
(contributor: bamboo4)

Everyone, according to my JLPT1 grammar book, an important difference
between の至り and の極み is that the first can only be used for yourself
(the speaker), whereas the latter can be used for others as well. Hope that
helps (contributor: mankind)

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Today's Economics

Volume 7
02/12/2008
In this issue
Main Articles
Free Services & Links
Refer-A-Friend and Win
Forward to a Friend
Risk Disclosures
Main Articles

Merrill Lynch Substantially Raises Gold Price Forecast
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Spot Gold Drops as Dollar Gains Ground After Buffett Comments
Veronica Brown - Reuters | Feb 12, 2008 | View It
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The Gold and Silver Ratio
Gold News - Dan Denning | Feb 12, 2008 | View It
"there's a case to be made for thinking the best-performing metal and commodity of 2008 may well be silver."

Gold is a Better Inflation Hedge Than Real Estate
Dr. Krassimir Petrov | Feb 12, 2008 | View It
"In general, real assets hedge better than paper assets . . . Inflation does not erode their value."

IMF Gold Sales Don't Change Anything
Boris Sobolev | Feb 11, 2008 | View It
"Undoubtedly, buyers for extra gold offered by the IMF will be easily found. IMF sales don't change anything."

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Tuesday, February 12, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - 頂く (itadaku)

頂く (itadaku) - to receive (polite)


--- Examples ---
今日頂いたメールに基づいて、、
based on the email I received today...

頂きます
For what we are about to receive (said before eating a meal, like 'grace'
in the west)

社長は手紙をDCから弁護士に送って貰いたいのでしょうか?
Would the President like DC to send the letter to the lawyer?

あなたの許可を頂くべきだったでしょうか。
Should I have asked your permission?

お返事をお待ちしております。またお返事をいただくことにより、私どもはより効率よく会議の準備をすることができます。
Your response is greatly appreciated and will enable us to prepare more
efficiently.

--- Comments ---
where itadaku is to receive, I think / is the opposite, ie a polite way of
saying something I give to someone (contributor: dc)

ex#3167 It is possible to say 社長は、DCに手紙を弁護士に送って 欲しい or
貰いたい のでしょうか? When DC is ranked higher in a company than the
speak and the listener, it is desirable to use 頂きたい with respect.
(contributor: your name)

dc,文章をクリックすると、翻訳ページに直結している!これは、すごいね、便利だね。(^-^)v
(contributor: your name)

特に外人にとっては便利 ^○^ (contributor: dc)

#3167 is weird. You want me to edit it? (contributor: bamboo4)

Yes, please. When you are confident its correct, please change the
'checked' dropdown to a +1 to greenlight the example... (contributor: dc)

つまり、修正頂きたいと思います。宜しくお願い致します。 (contributor: dc)

itadaku is the plain (dict) form of itadakimasu (contributor: dc)

I changed it, but it no longer belongs to this category of 頂きたい.
(contributor: bamboo4)

hmm, why would you use morau there instead of itadaku ? i was trying to
include more biz usable examples (contributor: dc)

社長 need not use any honorifics to make DC to do something for him. If DC
wants 社長 to do that, it's a different
story.DCから社長に頼んで弁護士に手紙を送って頂くようにしたい would be okay.
(contributor: bamboo4)

no, that phrase was DC asking the President what he wanted him to do. ie DC
talking to the Prez. (contributor: dc)

In that case, you have to use 貰いたい.
(contributor: bamboo4)

This is level one? I don't believe it. (contributor: bab)

bab Please suggest what you think the level is if you don't think this is
not the level one. (contributor: Miki)

致す/致しますis not the opposite of 頂く。Instead, it is a humble form of
する。 (contributor: 誠)

bab is correct - This appears in JLPT level 3. (contributor: NickT)

Can someone explain to me the rule behind requests in the form of, for
example, お送りいただけませんか? (contributor: mwhite)

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Monday, February 11, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - もさること�ネがら (mosarukotonagara)

もさることながら (mosarukotonagara) - is (such) but (____) is also

--- Notes ---
Not only~

--- Examples ---
路上駐車の問題解決には、自治体の対応もさることながら、地域住民の態度も大切な要素となる。
In solving the problem of street-parking of cars the response of the
council is obviously important but the attitude of the local residents is
also a significant factor.

アメリカではバスケもさることながらアメフトも人気だ
In America, Basketball is clearly popular but so is Football.

両親の意向もさることながら、子供自身が有名校にあこがれている。
Not only intention of the parents, the child himself has yearned to the
famous school.

--- Comments ---
See daijirin entry on 然ること
http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/search.php?MT=%A4%B5%A4%EB%A4%B3%A4%C8&kind=jn
(contributor: Paul)

See entry 'mo saru koto nagara'
http://www.geocities.com/easykanji/jlptgrammar.html (contributor: Paul)

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Sunday, February 10, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - なり (nari2)

なり (nari2) - expresses continuing state

--- Notes ---
Verb(た形)+なり implies one movement is continuing. 〜したまま。

--- Examples ---
会社を出たなり、いつまでも帰らない。
He left the office and hasn't come back.

彼女を見つめたなり、しばらくの間微動だにしなかった。
He stared at her and didn't move an inch for a while.

--- Comments ---
is this identical to -kiri
行ったきり
行ったなり
he went ... (and hasnt been seen since) (contributor: dc)

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Saturday, February 9, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - とする (tosuru)

とする (tosuru) - assume, regard X as ~ , suppose


--- Examples ---
日本へ行くとすれば
If we assume that we go to japan

温度は一定であるとする。
We assume that temperature is constant.

あなたが立派な世界市民になろうとするなら、偏見は持たないように努力すべきである。
If you are to be a good world citizen, you should try to be free of any
prejudices.

私たちは みな、 人生に おいて 成功を
収めようとするが、成功するのは、きわめて 数少ない人たちである。
We all try hard to make the grade in life, but only a few succeed.

進んで学ぼうとする気の無い物には教える甲斐がない。
One who is not willing to learn is not worth teaching.

歩こうとするとここがズキンとします。
When I try to walk, I get an awful pain here.

労働者たちにはもっと働こうとする刺激がなにもない。
The workers have no incentive to work harder.

--- Comments ---
温度は一定であるとする。is more natural. (contributor: Miki)

OK, done. (contributor: Amatuka)

仮定する (katei suru) I think also means 'to assume' (contributor: dc)

ひょっとする = perhaps (contributor: dc)

about ex #4191:
i tought that the form [-ou to suru] meant 'to be in a process of' or 'try
to do'. (contributor: NutritiveSoul)

what about ~ta to suru?? (contributor: Hakeem)

hakeem - can you give an example please? (contributor: dc)

perhaps you mean [youni-suru]

maybe [ou-tosuru] would be 'if you try..' which we have also as
(contributor: dc)

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Friday, February 8, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - 〜まじき (majiki)

〜まじき (majiki) - not likely


--- Examples ---
許すまじきことであれ。
It's something that cannot be forgiven

すまじきものは宮仕え。
It's government service one should avoid.

許すまじき暴言を吐いた。
She used offensive language that cannot be forgiven.

--- Comments ---
まじ is a predecessor of まい, both archaic foorm of auxilliary verb
meaning negation of べし.

In the modern Japanese, it is not commonly used in conversation excpet for
some archaic set phrase such as すまじきものは宮仕え、This was written
about 1,000 years ago by 清少納言(Seishonagon) in her essay called
枕草子(Makurano Soushi). (contributor: bamboo4)

can this be translated as 'no need to'? (contributor: dc)

No, it's more emphatic 'should not.' (contributor: bamboo4)

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Thursday, February 7, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - それっきり (Sorekkiri)

それっきり (Sorekkiri) - Since, since then

--- Notes ---
それきり is the same as それっきり。

--- Examples ---
僕はそれっきりスパイクと会っていない
Since then, I haven't seen Spike.

店はたたれたまま、それっきりだった。
The store closed down for good.

去年11月プネに移りました。それっきり先生と連絡しなかったです。
I shiefted to pune in november last year. After that I have not
communicated with my teacher.

--- Comments ---
ex #5042の英訳はちょっと違う気がしている。
The shop remained as it was since when it was
established.のようなやくするとどうですかと思う。 (contributor: ppmohapatra)

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Wednesday, February 6, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - に至る (niitaru)

に至る (niitaru) - leads to, all the way to, as far as

--- Notes ---
noun + に至る
 東京に至るまで as far as tokyo

Vdic + に至る

often used with まで:until

--- Examples ---
この道は公園に至る。
This road goes to the park.

義務の路は栄光に至る道であった。
The path of duty was the way to glory.

公民権運動はある夢に至る。
The civil rights movement leads to a dream.

重要なのはゴールではなく、そこに至る道程である。
It is not the goal but the way there that matters.

昔から今に至るまで存在する、あらゆる社会の歴史は階級闘争の歴史である。
The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class
struggles.

宣戦布告に至るまでの時期はこのような状況であったと言える。
Thus were affairs circumstanced in the period leading up to the declaration
of war.

大事に至る前に火事は消し止められた。
The fire was put out before it got serious.

彼らは、カルカッタからニュウーヨーク市に至るまで、世界中に支部を持っている。
They have branches all over the world, from Calcutta to New York City.

滅びに至る門は大きく、その道は広い。
For the gate is wide and the way is easy, that leads to destruction.

関東から東北にいたるまで
From Tokyo as far as Touhoku.

--- Comments ---
#5145 could be replaced with [kara-nikakete] (contributor: dc)

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Today's Economics

Volume 6
02/05/2008
In this issue
Main Articles
Free Services & Links
Refer-A-Friend and Win
Forward to a Friend
Risk Disclosures
Main Articles

Platinum Rises to Record; Palladium Gains
Halia Pavliva - Bloomberg | Feb 4, 2008 | View It
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Investors to Push Gold Above $1000 an Ounce in 2008
James Macharia - Reuters | Feb 4, 2008 | View It
"The weaker dollar has not been the only contributor to the rising gold price"

Gold to de-couple from the ?
GoldForecaster.com | Feb 1, 2008 | View It
"But gold, true to its inherent nature, alongside silver will reflect the subsequent rapidly rising global inflation"

Record Highs Keep Coming
Mary Anne and Pamela Aden | Feb 4, 2008 | View It
". . . gold would have to rise to about $2200 when adjusted for inflation to equal what $850 was in 1980."

Why Not Abolish the Fed?
Jacob G. Hornberger | Feb 4, 2008 | View It
"The truth is that the worst economic disaster in American history was caused by the Federal Reserve."

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Tuesday, February 5, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - さすが (sasuga)

さすが (sasuga) - as expected, after all


--- Examples ---
さすが、彼は期待を裏切らないね。
That's just what one would expect of him.

さすがだね。君ならやってくれると思っていたよ。
Excellent! It's just like you to come through like that.

さすがに偉大な学者だけあって、彼はその問いに容易に答えた。
Like the great scholar that he was, he answered the question easily.

年の功と言うのか、彼の意見はさすがに一日の長があるね。
Maybe it's his age but his opinions seem a little more grounded in
experience than everyone else's.

彼はさすがに大学へ行っただけのことはある。
He did not go to college for nothing.

本当の事を言ったとはさすがに勇気がある。
You were courageous to tell the truth.

--- Comments ---
seems to usually be used for positive things. you would not say 'he
cheated. after all, he is a lawyer..' (contributor: dc)

ex4131 一日の長 ichijitsu no chou 〔論語 Analects〕:
経験・技能・知識などに若干すぐれていること。 (contributor: Miki)

さすが = さすがに 流石 sasuga (contributor: Miki)

This might be a good example of how to use さすが in a more casual way.

Last time I went to karaoke I went with a bunch of bandmen, and after a
vocalist of a certain band blew us all away, everyone said at the same
time「さすがにプロだね!!」 (contributor: マリ)

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Grammar a Day - Level 1 - 〜べからざ��(bekarazaru)

〜べからざる (bekarazaru) - must not; cannot

--- Notes ---
〜べからず/〜べからざる : 〜してはいけない・禁止

1.「〜べからず」は立て看板などの注意書きに使われます。
2.「〜べからざる」(名詞の前に付く形)は「許すべからざる、欠くべからざる」のほかはあまり使われません。

はしを渡るべからずというのは昔のことわざで日本人の人なら誰でも知ってるはずです。覚えといていただいたらうれしい:)このことわざについてもっと詳しく知りたければ調べてみてください。

By the way
この上に書いてある誠さんのノートに間違ってることに気づきました。名詞の前につくというのじゃなくて、動詞の前につく形のほうが正しいとおもいます。

--- Examples ---
Movies for adults must not be watched by young people.
成人指定映画は青少年の見る べからざる ものだ

許すべからざる行為。
An act that cannot be forgiven.

これは将に無視すべからざる犯罪ではないでしょうか。
Is it not true that this is certainly a crime that cannot be ignored?

今日の社会では、パソコンは欠くべからざるものとなっている。
In today's society, computers are becoming something you can't do without.

この荷物には「危険!触るべからず」と書いてある
On this luggage, it is written/stated that 「Danger! Do not touch」

--- Comments ---
未然形 of an auxilliary verb べかり(from べくあり= should be)plus negative
auxilliary verb ざる,which is 連体形 of ず. (contributor: bamboo4)

is this extremely formal? it sounds like it... (contributor: dc)

It is not only formal but it is somewhat archaic. (contributor: bamboo4)

I've been studying Japanese for almost 3 years and I've never come across
this grammar except in text books...I asked my (young) Japanese friends and
they have no idea. But if you do a Google search, there are lots of
examples.

It is always followed by a noun. もの, こと, 行為, etc. (contributor:
blabby)

You can also construct a phrase combining it with various suffixes.
べからざるや、べからざるか、べからずとする、etc.
(contributor: bamboo4)

'〜べからざる'
This must be worth remembering, but few Japanese use it in everyday speech.
I think that most Japanese usually say:
#5013
成人指定映画は青少年にとって見てはいけないものだ。

#5014
許されない行為

#5015
これはまさに無視してはいけない犯罪ではないでしょうか。

#5318
今日の社会では、パソコンは欠かせないものとなっている。

#5854
この荷物には「危険!触るな!」と書いてある。 (contributor: Nick)

Actually, the 終止形 form is べし, and it conjugates like an adjective,
meaning the 未然形 is べから.

As blabby hinted, use べからざる before nouns, and べからず at the end of
sentences. (contributor: jimmyseal)

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Sunday, February 3, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - をよそに (woyosoni)

をよそに (woyosoni) - Without consideration for... / Despite... / Without
thinking...

--- Notes ---
Noun + をよそに

Aは Bをよそに Cする。- 'Despite B, A did C.'

--- Examples ---
彼は大学入試をよそに、毎日パソコンに興じてる。
Despite having university entrance exams soon, he's wasting his time on
the computer every day.

親の心配をよそに遊んでばかりいる。
Without considering that his parents might be worried, he always slacks
off.

中国人の反対の声をよそに、小泉総理は靖国神社に参拝してしまいました。
Without respect for the protests from China, Mr Koizumi visited Yasukuni
Shrine.

--- Comments ---
I think this grammar might be related to 他所/よそ/'A different place'. For
example '他所の人' - 'Stranger'.

I know this kanji is not used often, but is this relationship correct?
(contributor: blabby)

I think so.
#5495 Looks 文字化け. 毎日???に興じてる。 (contributor: Miki)

Thanks for pointing that out Miki. For some reason sometimes just one or
two Kanji become 文字化け. Im not sure if its this site or my computer...
(contributor: blabby)

blabby - what browser and OS are you using? it might be because your
browser is not sending pages in the right encoding. sometimes multi-byte
items can get chewed up. (contributor: dc)

よそに or 余所に means 'treating as if it is somehwere unrelated.'
(contributor: bamboo4)

Hi DC, I'm using Windows XP SP2 English version with microsoft IME 2002
version 8.1. I am using firefox v1.0.6. If nobody else has problems then it
is probably just my computer. Its not a big problem, Ill just have to check
my examples a lot. (contributor: blabby)

should the note read 'Despite B, A did C'? (contributor: yookoso)

Whoops, thanks yookoso. I mixed up A and B. Fixed! (contributor: blabby)

よそに=ものともせず?? (contributor: サリル)

よそに and ものともせず is not equal.
よそに implys neglecting/(despite) B, A did C.
ものともせず implyes overcome obstacles and do something. in defiance of
[~womonotomosezuni]
(contributor: Miki)

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Saturday, February 2, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - とにかく (tonikaku)

とにかく (tonikaku) - in any case, anyway

--- Notes ---
often comes at the beginning of a sentence


see all these examples at ALC


--- Examples ---
それはとにかくとして、この問題はどうするの。
Leaving that aside, how do you intend to deal with this problem?

とにかく私に言えるのは
Anyway, all I can say is...

とにかく頼むからちょっと聞いてよ
Anyway I'm asking you to just listen for a minute

とにかくやってみないことには
Anyway, we won't know unless we try.

とにかく、きみは上京すべきだ。
In any case you should come up to Tokyo.

とにかく、君の知ったことじゃない。
In any case, it's no business of yours.

とにかく、君はそこに行った方がいい。
At any rate, you had better go there.

とにかく、言いづらい事を打ち明けてくれて嬉しいよ。
Anyway, I'm glad you were able to broach this difficult subject.

とにかく、私はあなたの意見には反対だ。
I am against your opinion in any case.

--- Comments ---
とにかく can be replaced by tomokaku ともかく. (contributor: Miki)

I would like to know more about the etymology of this expression. Does it
have anything to do with the Shogi game where two pieces are named 'to' and
'kaku'? (contributor: Nizar)

why is it every time when i clikc on the title the msg below will show.
Return to beginning of the Text Translation function. Unable to map
glossdic.xjdx!
(contributor: snoopycheng)

Nizar, tonikaku is not to do with 'to' and 'kaku' of Shogi game. とにかく
is used in hiragana by edo period. と of とにかく meant そのように、 かく
meant このように。 Tonikaku is sometimes write as 兎に角 but this is
phonetic equivalent. This is considered to come from Buddhism word
「兎角亀毛」. Rabbit doesn't have horns and turtle doesn't have hairs,
which was used when you talked about something doesn't exist. So this has
no relevance to current とにかく in meaning. BTW, in shogi, 「と金」 which
is another side of 「歩(ふ)」 is called と because the simplified form of
金 looks like と。 角(かく) is also called 角行(かくぎょう).
(contributor: Miki)

I have heard this word used in a lot of contexts where it couldn't mean
anyway, in any case. I asked some friends who had some difficulty
explaining it, but one seemed to say that it also has the meanings:
'quickly', 'with all haste' and maybe also 'naturally'. I also heard it
implies that some information given is generally known by everyone. Any
native speakers care to comment? (contributor: yookoso)

You have it wrong. とにかく急ごう means 'leaving all that aside, let's
hurry.' Thus, とにかく does not have a meaning of 'quickly' or 'naturally.'

Re Miki-san's comment, 角行 is pronounced かくこう.
(contributor: bamboo4)

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Friday, February 1, 2008

Grammar a Day - Level 1 - ながらに (nagarani)

ながらに (nagarani) -

--- Notes ---
(A)ながらに
since (A) started, it has been continuously in the same state
〜ままの状態で :

--- Examples ---
すべての人は生まれながらに平等である。
All men are created equal.

彼は生まれながらに知性と美に恵まれていた。
Nature endowed him with wit and beauty.

彼は生まれながらにして偉大な才能に恵まれていた。
He was endowed with great talents.

昔ながらのやり方。
In the traditional style.

古いものを昔ながらに使う。
Use old things as they were originally used.

--- Comments ---
One English translation could be 'as it was' (〜ままの状態で) (contributor:
blabby)

The expression 涙ながらに〜 'Tearfully', seems different to the existing
examples. In this case the meaning is more like 'to have'.
(contributor: blabby)

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